Music-induced emotion effects on decision-making

Palazzi, Ambra; Fritzen, Bruna Wagner; Gauer, Gustavo

doi:10.1177/0305735618779224

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Advertising seeks to evoke emotions and convey information in the shortest possible timeframe to influence recipients’ attitudes toward the product and the brand, as well as their purchase intentions (Abernethy & Franke, 1996; Poels & Dewitte, 2006). Background music can influence feelings and cognitions without capturing listeners’ conscious attention (e.g., Palazzi et al, 2019) and has therefore been described as “the single most stimulating component of advertising” (Hecker, 1984, p. 3). Despite the importance of music in advertising (Dunbar, 1990; North et al, 2004) and the frequent use of background music in commercials (Allan, 2008; Breves et al, 2020; Graakjær & Jantzen, 2009), music is rarely addressed in research on advertising (for reviews, see Allan, 2007; Oakes, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of different levels of musical fit on the efficiency of audio-visual advertising

2020

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Music acts as a prominent element of advertising, but its simple presence does not automatically improve the effects of advertising. The concept of musical fit was developed more than 25 years ago to address the question of how music can be used effectively in advertising. However, existing empirical research on this concept has yielded inconsistent results. Recently, we developed an instrument to determine musical fit systematically in audio-visual advertising (Herget et al., 2018). To test this instrument empirically, we created six advertising stimuli (“commercials” or “ads”) representing six types of musical fit on four levels of musical fit, which varied only in terms of how many advertising reference points (spot narration, product, and/or target group) matched the background music. The findings of our between-subjects laboratory experiment (participants: 178 students, 74% female) reveal that the stimuli at different levels of musical fit differed sharply in terms of the intuitively perceived degree of musical fit (η2 = .33). In addition, increasing the level of musical fit improved advertising efficiency in terms of participants’ attitudes toward the ad (η2 = .12) and product (η2 = .12), as well as their purchase intentions (η2 = .06) and memory performance (η2 = .06). If other researchers were to use the instrument described, which defines and operationalizes musical fit systematically and transparently, results of future empirical studies would be more consistent. The results of the present study indicate that advertisers are well advised to select music to fit the commercial’s reference points as closely as possible, to intensify the music’s efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of different levels of musical fit on the efficiency of audio-visual advertising

2020

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“…Nevertheless, we do not dismiss that several other musical dimensions (e.g., pitch, articulation, dissonance, and accentuation; Gomez & Danuser, 2007; Mesz et al, 2011) might also be relevant to underpin the effects of music on decision-making. Indeed, music affects behavior not only through arousal, but also by evoking moods (Juslin & Västfjäll, 2008; Palazzi et al, 2019) via the music mode (e.g., major, minor; Husain et al, 2002) that may hint at the emotional basis of our findings. Even though we did not specifically test the effects of music-evoked mood on decisions, we collected a measure of music likeability that serves as a proxy for mood (Juslin & Västfjäll, 2008) and found that music mode—that was the same (D minor) for slow and fast music—induced similar (and low) liking ratings for both slow and fast music (see for details).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Moreover, music could have unintended consequences or “spill-over” effects that are either positive (e.g., boosting a steady hand in surgeons; Siu et al, 2010) or negative (e.g., promoting reckless driving; Brodsky, 2001). These issues remain unresolved mainly because previously evaluated measures of performance are usually ambiguous as they conflate several (latent) variables, and because music is a vast and complex class of stimuli which increases variability on these results (Dalton & Behm, 2007; Kämpfe et al, 2011; Palazzi et al, 2019). Here, we addressed these concerns by assessing one particularly important question: to what extent does background music affect the speed and accuracy with which we make decisions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Background music changes the policy of human decision-making: Evidence from experimental and drift-diffusion model-based approaches on different decision tasks.

Santángelo

Ludwig²,

Navajas

et al. 2022

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Music is ubiquitous in our lives. Although we listen to music as an activity in and of itself, music is frequently played while we are engaged in other activities that rely on decision-making (e.g., driving). Despite its ubiquity, it remains unknown whether and how background music modulates the speed and accuracy of decision-making across different domains. We hypothesized that music could affect decision-making through a subjective-timing distortion or via a policy shift toward less-cautious responding. We analyzed response times and accuracy from more than 100-thousand decisions and mapped the effects of music onto decision-process components with a mechanistic model of decision-making. We found evidence supporting the latter hypothesis, by which decisions—across domains—were faster but less accurate with music, and this trade-off was mainly driven by a less conservative decision policy. Overall, our results suggest that background music shapes our decisions by making us less cautious.

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“…For this review, I followed the guidelines of the PRISMA statement (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, Altman, & The PRISMA Group, 2009; Palazzi, Fritzen, & Gauer, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On music’s potential to convey meaning in film: A systematic review of empirical evidence

Herget

2019

Psychology of Music

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With its schema-activating potential to influence an audience’s perception and interpretation of film plot and protagonists, film music goes far beyond the role of an emotionalizing accessory in film contexts. For this review, 24 German and English empirical studies that tested music’s potential to convey meaning were identified to be compared in their research questions, the characteristics of their methods, designs, samples, and stimulus materials, as well as main results. Depending on the degree of realism and the abstraction level of the audio-visual stimulus material, differently connoted music or music of different genres trigger supra-individual associations, which make the recipients’ perceptual patterns and evaluations of film plot and protagonists predictable. The review provides a systematization of music’s effects as well as methodological and content-related indications for future research.

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Music-induced emotion effects on decision-making

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

The influence of different levels of musical fit on the efficiency of audio-visual advertising

The influence of different levels of musical fit on the efficiency of audio-visual advertising

Background music changes the policy of human decision-making: Evidence from experimental and drift-diffusion model-based approaches on different decision tasks.

On music’s potential to convey meaning in film: A systematic review of empirical evidence

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