Music therapy intervention in cardiac autonomic modulation, anxiety, and depression in mothers of preterms: randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundMothers of preterm infants often have symptoms of anxiety and depression, recognized as risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases and associated with low rates of heart rate variability (HRV). This study aimed to evaluate the influence of music therapy intervention on the autonomic control of heart rate, anxiety, and depression in mothers.MethodsProspective randomized clinical trial including 21 mothers of preterms admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary hospital, recruited from August 2015 to September 2017, and divided into control group (CG; n = 11) and music therapy group (MTG; n = 10). Participants underwent anxiety and depression evaluation, as well as measurements of the intervals between consecutive heartbeats or RR intervals for the analysis of HRV at the first and the last weeks of hospitalization of their preterms. Music therapy sessions lasting 30–45 min were individually delivered weekly using receptive techniques. The mean and standard deviation of variables were obtained and the normality of data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The paired sample t-test or Wilcoxon test were employed to calculate the differences between variables before and after music therapy intervention. The correlations anxiety versus heart variables and depression versus heart variables were established using Spearman correlation test. Fisher’s exact test was used to verify the differences between categorical variables. A significance level of p < 0.05 was established. Statistical analysis were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20.ResultsParticipants in MTG had an average of seven sessions of music therapy, and showed improvement in anxiety and depression scores and autonomic indexes of the time domain (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found between depression and parasympathetic modulation using linear (r = − 0.687; p = 0.028) and nonlinear analyses (r = − 0.689; p = 0.027) in MTG.ConclusionMusic therapy had a significant and positive impact on anxiety and depression, acting on prevention of cardiovascular diseases, major threats to modern society.Trial registrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (no. RBR-3x7gz8). Retrospectively registered on November 17, 2017.

Ansiedade, Depressão E Análise Não Linear Da Variabilidade Da Frequência Cardíaca Em Ingressantes No Ensino Superior

“…As tabelas 2 e 3 apresentam as pontuações e percentuais de homens e mulheres para depressão e ansiedade obtidos a partir da administração dos inventários BDI-I e IDATE-T e E. Foi observada correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre os níveis de ansiedade-estado e ansiedade-traço no público analisado (p=0,00, r=0,75). A sobreposição entre ansiedade traço/estado e ansiedade/depressão aparece na literatura, uma vez que se tratam de marcadores sintomatologicamente afins (Oliveira et al, 2006;Brito, 2011;Ribeiro et al, 2018).…”

“…Diante do exposto, assim como dos valores de estatística descritiva dos dados de ansiedade e depressão, é possível inferir que a alostasia mental do público em questão existe, e se relaciona com a presença de marcadores autonômicos cardiovasculares dentro do esperado para o público em estudo (Camm, 1996;Thomas & Viljoen, 2019). Isso confirma que uma boa variabilidade da frequência cardíaca pode se relacionar a uma boa saúde mental (Ribeiro et al, 2018).…”

“…Neste sentido, o coração não deve ser entendido como órgão estático, com batimentos não variantes. A principal função do controle autonômico sobre o sistema cardiovascular é permitir sua adaptabilidade a alterações ambientais, sejam elas de qualquer natureza (Ribeiro et al, 2018).…”

The effects of music ıntervention on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…It affects alpha waves in the brain, resulting in reduced anxiety and stress and increased relaxation (Varisoglu & Güngör Satilmis, 2020). A study focused on the relationship between music and depression and anxiety and found that mothers who underwent music intervention had significantly reduced depression and anxiety levels (Ribeiro et al., 2018). Reduced stress and anxiety promote more release of the hormone oxytocin and prolactin and increase milk production (Varisoglu & Güngör Satilmis, 2020).…”

Beneficios de la musicoterapia como opción integrativa en el tratamiento oncológico

“…En el área afectivo-emocional, Rickson y Gold, citados en Benedito (2010) (14) , observaron resultados positivos disminuyendo la tensión y mejorando la autoestima; en el área de la comunicación, incrementando la capacidad de expresarse y la creatividad; en el área social, aumentando la conciencia social; en el área cognitiva, incrementando la atención, aprendizaje y memoria reciente; en el área fisiológica, produciendo efectos similares al éxtasis y otro tipo de drogas en nuestro cerebro. En este mismo sentido se pronuncian Oslé (2011) (15) , Ribeiro et al (2018) (16) , Fernández et al (2018) (17) y Marins et al (2018) (18) .…”