Mutagenic components and dosage effects of ethyl methanesulphonate on <i>Arachis hypogea</i> (Samnut 24 VR.)

Abstract

Determination of the optimum concentrations of a specific mutagen for crop improvement has always been a challenge. The present study assessed the mutagenic effect of Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) concentrations on growth, yield and nutrient composition of Arachis hypogea (Samnut 24 vr.). Seeds treated with varying concentrations (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25 % v/v) of EMS for 12 hours were sown in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Alkylating effects of the EMS was studied on growth and yield parameters while nutritional quality was determined by proximate analysis at M and M generations.1 2Concentrations of 0.75% and 1.00% increased growth, biological yield and seed related parameters significantly (at P< 0.05). Maturity time was significantly shortened by EMS application across the generations. Higher percentage seed crude fat and protein were induced by the treatments with the optimal performance at 0.75-1.00% concentrations. Mineral content indicated by the percentage ash was marginally increased. The trend in response to the EMS was similar across the generations, however, decreased vigour, reduced growth, less nut and biological yields were observed at M . In most traits evaluated, performance of 0.00, 0.25 and 0.50% 2 treatments were similar, 0.75-1.00% treatments were optimal while 1.25% v/v of EMS was detrimental. Correlation analysis revealed poor linkage of characters in the groundnut; nevertheless, positive significant associations exist between number of leaves and branches, pod length and seed number, seed dimension (length and circumference) and seed weight. The study concluded that since groundnut is basically cultivated for biomass yield a well as source of plant vegetable oil and fat, EMS application at optimal concentration could be used for the crop improvement.ABSTRACT 309 https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijs.v21i2.5

Morphological screening and expression of droughtrelated genes P5SC1 and DREB1A in water-stressed pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) at the pre-fruiting stage

“…Linked characters may allow simultaneous improvement through correlated responses to selection in the segregating progeny (Bello and Olawuyi 2015). This finding is consistent with positively significant correlations of characters obtained in sesame (Azeez et al 2017), pearl millet (Animasaun et al 2017), and groundnut (Olorunmaiye et al 2019). The performance of the 33 accessions of pearl millet evaluated showed that the leaf length is the attribute as a morphological marker to discriminate the accessions (Suppl.…”

Phenotypic characterisation and comparative non-targeted GC-MS-based metabolomic profiling of two contrasting seedling fonio millet (Digitaria exilis) accessions: an insight to drought tolerance in small millets

“…Positive correlations have been previously reported in pearl millet (Animasaun et al 2017) and groundnut (Olorunmaiye et al 2019) among others.…”

Morphometric variation, genetic diversity and allelic polymorphism of an underutilised species Thaumatococcus daniellii population in Southwestern Nigeria

“…In exploring the genetic diversity of the population based on morphometric parameters, petiole length and leaf dimensions are the most effective in delimiting the populations. Positive correlation has been obtained for morphological and agronomic traits in crop plants (Azeez et al 2017;Olorunmaiye et al 2019).…”