Mutagenicity of airborne particles from a nonindustrial town

Abstract

The mutagenic activity of ambient air particles from Morgantown, West Virginia, has been monitored for 6 months using the Ames Salmonella assay system. Airborne particles, collected on glass fiber filters using a Hi-Vol sampler, were extracted with dichloromethane (DCM) and/or ethyl acetate plus methanol (E + M) in sequence. A dose-dependent mutagenic response was observed in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 for DCM extracts from all samples. E + M extracts were mutagenic only when samples were extracted with E + M before DCM extraction. The mutagenic activity of samples collected in June and July was independent of S-9 in vitro activation, whereas the mutagenicity of those collected from October to December increased in the presence of S-9 activation. The class fractionation of extracts showed that only acidic and polynuclear aromatic fractions were mutagenic. The mutagenicity of particles from Morgantown air was also detected with the Salmonella arabinose-resistant assay system.

Correlation between On-Line PAH Detection in Airbone Particle Samples and Their Bacterial Genotoxicity

“…The ambient air-particle extracts in contrast were more active in the presence of S9. Similar findings were described by Whong et al (1981) and Poli et al (1992) for air samples collected during summer months, whereas other investigators, also utilizing the Ames test, found a reduced activity in urban air samples in the presence of S9 (Viras et al, 1991;Savard et al, 1992).…”

Mutagenicity of airborne particles from a nonindustrial town in Italy

“…Moreover, a prominent southeast wind is present almost all year round. Other authors such as Whong et al [1981] have also detected a similar level of mutagenicity in a nonindustrial town in the United States.…”

Studies on the Mutagenicity of Mild Gasification Products of Coal and Their Subfractions by theSalmonella/Microsomal Assay

“…Seven samples , CTC#11, IST#10, MRE-1, and Shell Oil) were fractionated by organic solvent extraction into acidic, basic, nonpolar neutral, and polar neutral subfractions (Whong et al, 1981;Guerin et al, 1981). Samples were initially dissolved in ethyl acetate and extracted with hydrochloric acid (HCl).…”