Mutant immunoglobulin genes have repetitive DNA elements inserted into their intervening sequences.

Hawley, Robert G.; Shulman, Marc J.; Murialdo, Helios; Gibson, D. M.; Hozumi, Nobumichi

doi:10.1073/pnas.79.23.7425

Cited by 135 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They do not exclude the possibility that a small fraction of p73 is generated by cleavage of the larger polypeptides. IAP genes are abundantly reiterated in the mouse DNA (28,34) and have the capability of transposing to new locations in the genome (5,7,9,10,18,19,40 Our results are relevant to the known IAP expression in early mouse development. Yotsuyanagi and Szollosi (46) have recently shown that large IAPs typical of those seen in mouse tumors are present in ovarian oocytes but disappear progressively during oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early cleavage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

Kuff¹,

Fewell²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intracisternal A-particle (IAP)-specific sequences were 5-to 10-fold enriched in polyadenylated RNA from BALB/cJ thymus as compared with RNAs from liver, spleen, and kidney. The major transcripts of 7.2 and 5.4 kilobases were the same size as those found in an TAP-rich neuroblastoma cell line. The absolute levels and proportions of these transcripts varied in thymuses from mice of different inbred strains. With antiserum prepared against p73, the main IAP structural protein, several size classes of IAP-related proteins were immunoprecipitated from extracts of thymus cells incubated with [35S]methionine; these included p73 itself and a group of polypeptides in the size range of 114 to 120 kilodaltons (pll4-pl20). The inbred strains showed marked characteristic differences in the electrophoretic patterns of their IAP-related proteins. Earlier studies showed that the 7.2-kilobase RNA from neuroblastoma IAPs coded for p73 in a cell-free translation system. Correlations between the RNA and protein patterns in thymuses of the different inbred strains indicated that 5.4-kilobase RNA gives rise to the pll4-pl20 polypeptides. Metabolically labeled p120 was found to include methionine-containing tryptic peptides of p73 plus additional peptides consistent with its larger size. In vivo labeling kinetics showed that the pll4-pl20 polypeptides were not major precursors of p73 in intact neuroblastoma cells. This study shows that IAP gene expression in mouse thymus is genetically determined and that a novel class of IAP-related polypeptides can be expressed independently of the major particle structural protein.Intracisternal A-particles (IAPs) are retrovirus-like entities found in many types of mouse tumor cells (20,45). They contain a group-specific internal structural protein, p73 (20,32), and a DNA polymerase activity with properties of reverse transcriptase (42, 43). The isolated particles also contain specific polyadenylated [poly(A)] RNAs (30) ranging in size from 7.2 to about 3.5 kilobases (kb) (34,36,41). These RNA species, which are related to one another in sequence, vary in relative proportion in particles isolated from different tumor sources. Endogenous provirus-like elements homologous to the IAP-associated RNAs ("IAP genes") are reiterated 1,000-fold per haploid genome in Mus musculus (28). The full-size genetic unit is 7.3 kb in length and is colinear with the 7.2-kb transcript (21). Shorter elements with internal deletions are also found (21, 34), and one group of these, the so-called type IT elements (40), are known to give rise to some of the shorter IAP-specific RNAs (34, 41). The IAP genetic elements share many structural properties with integrated retroviral proviruses and certain transposable elements in Drosophila spp. and yeasts (8a). Recently, IAP genes have been found to appear in novel locations in the genome of certain IAP-rich BALB/c mouse myeloma and hybridoma cell lines and to affect the function of genes at the various target sites (5,7,9,10,18,19,41). Thus, on occasion they can act as mobile e...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…and yeasts (8a). Recently, IAP genes have been found to appear in novel locations in the genome of certain IAP-rich BALB/c mouse myeloma and hybridoma cell lines and to affect the function of genes at the various target sites (5,7,9,10,18,19,41). Thus, on occasion they can act as mobile elements to provide a source of genetic variability in mouse cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

Kuff¹,

Fewell²

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…IAP-like sequences represent about 0.3% of chromosomal DNA in mice or 1000 copies (Lueders et. al., 1977, Hawley et. al.…”

Section: : Recombinational Ecologies In Retrotransposons and Retrovirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modular transposition and the dynamical structure of eukaryote regulatory evolution

1992

Genetica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Many different mutations including down, up and regulatory mutations in yeasts are induced by a Ty-I insertion [69]. Mutations induced by IAP gene insertions are described in the vertebrates [70].…”

Section: Many Spontaneous Mutations Are Induced By Mobile Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile genetic elements in animal cells and their biological significance

Georgiev¹

1984

European Journal of Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

(Plenary lecture at the 16th FEBS Meeting in Moscow, June 30,1984) -EJB 84 0753 Mobile genetic elements were discovered by McClintock while analysing unstable mutations in maize. The structural and functional studies of such elements became possible after their cloning, first from the genome of Drosophilu melanoguster. In particular, Ilyin et al. demonstrated the varying location of the described elements in D. melunoguster chromosomes, thus providing the first evidence of their mobility. Mobile elements comprise a significant part of the genetic material in D. melunoguster (not less than 10%). Several classes of mobile elements do exist. Mobile dispersed genetic elements (mdg elements) are among the best characterized ones. Mdg elements are represented in the genome by dozens of families, each consisting of 10-150 copies. They are very similar structurally to proviruses of endogenous retroviruses. In particular, the both contain long terminal repeats (LTRs). The nucleotide sequences of LTRs and their flanking sequences of several mdg elements were determined. Their analysis suggested that RNA reverse transcription should be involved in the mdg amplification. It has been found that putative transposition intermediates, i.e. extrachromosomal DNA copies of mdg elements, are synthesized by reverse transcriptase in D. melanogaster culture cells. Another type of mobile genes is represented by P factor and similar elements. P factor seems to encode 'transposase' participating in direct excision and insertion of P elements themselves as well as of other mobile genes (mdg and fold-back elements). Besides these 'active transposons' which encode the enzyme machinery for transposition, a number of other sequences which may be transposed are present in the genome. RNAs synthesized on such elements can serve as a template for reverse transcriptase, and the DNA formed can then be inserted at new sites of the genome. Among such sequences are the so-called short ubiquitous repeats: B1 and B2 in mouse genome and Alu in human genome. We found that, at least in several cases, B-type sequences were located at the 3' end of mRNA. Short repetitive sequences were also detected at the 3' end of certain mRNAs of D. melunoguster. Usually the transpositions of mobile genes occur very rarely. However, under certain conditions, for example, in hybrid dysgenesis, they become more frequent.

show abstract

Mutant immunoglobulin genes have repetitive DNA elements inserted into their intervening sequences.

Cited by 135 publications

References 44 publications

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

Intracisternal A-particle gene expression in normal mouse thymus tissue: gene products and strain-related variability.

Modular transposition and the dynamical structure of eukaryote regulatory evolution

Mobile genetic elements in animal cells and their biological significance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About