Mutualistic fungal endophytes in the<i>Triticeae</i>- survey and description

Card, Stuart D.; Faville, Marty J.; Simpson, Wayne R.; Johnson, Richard D.; Voisey, Christine R.; Bonth, Anouck C. M. de; Hume, D. E.

doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12273

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…On 16 January 2013, approximately 100 tillers from T-NEA2 were immunoblotted and the endophyteinfected tillers DNA typed by a simple sequence repeat assay for endophyte strain (Card et al 2014).…”

Section: Herbage Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fletcher

Finch

Sutherland

et al. 2017

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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AIMS: To compare ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes producing diverse alkaloids for their ability to cause ryegrass staggers in grazing lambs; to compare respiration rates and rectal temperatures of these lambs after exposure to heat stress, and to compare liveweight gains during the study period.METHODS: Ryegrass pastures of cultivar Trojan infected with NEA endophytes, branded NEA2 (T-NEA2), endophyte-free Trojan (T-NIL), Samson infected with standard endophyte (S-STD), Samson infected with AR37 endophyte (S-AR37) and endophyte-free Samson (S-NIL), were grazed by lambs (n=30 per cultivar) for up to 48 days in February and March of 2012 and 2013. Pasture samples were analysed for alkaloid concentrations and lambs were scored for ryegrass staggers at intervals during the study period. Liveweight was recorded at the start (Day 0) and end of the study, and rectal temperatures and respiratory rates were measured in lambs exposed to heat stress on Days 23 and 26, in 2012 and 2013, respectively. RESULTS: Concentrations of alkaloids were lower in 2012 than 2013, associated with warmer and drier conditions in 2013, and the prevalence of ryegrass staggers was low in 2012. In 2013, concentrations of ergovaline were similar in T-NEA2 and S-STD, but concentrations of lolitrem B were lower in T-NEA2 than S-STD. S-AR37 produced epoxy-janthitrems but no lolitrem B or ergovaline. In 2013, by Day 20, 9/30 (30%) sheep grazing S-STD had severe staggers (score ≥4), and by Day 47 all sheep had been removed from this cultivar due to severe staggers. By Day 47, 18/30 (60%), 4/30 (13%) and 0/ 30 (0%) sheep grazing S-AR37, T-NEA2 and T-NIL pastures, respectively, had severe staggers. There were no differences in mean daily weight gain of lambs between cultivars in either year. In both years, mean rectal temperature and respiration rate following exposure to heat stress were highest in sheep grazing S-STD and T-NEA2, and lowest in sheep grazing T-NIL. CONCLUSIONS: In lambs grazing different ryegrass pastures infected with endophytes, ryegrass staggers was most severe on S-STD, less severe on S-AR37 and least on T-NEA2. When under heat stress, lambs grazing ergovaline-producing S-STD and T-NEA2 pastures had increased respiration rates and rectal temperatures compared with lambs grazing T-NIL.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: If ambient temperatures are suitable, NEA2-branded endophytes have the potential to express concentrations of ergovaline sufficient to induce heat stress in grazing sheep.

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Section: Herbage Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fletcher

Finch

Sutherland

et al. 2017

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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“…For instance, in the search for Epichlo€ e in tundra grasslands, where their presence causing reindeer grazing avoidance had been hypothesized (Br athen & Oksanen 2001), false positives were achieved for ten fungal endophyte species, and a total of 59 species were found (Jensen et al 2011). Moreover, Epichlo€ e in the wild is limited to two grass genera (Card et al 2014), hence the majority of grasses host other fungal endophytes than those belonging to the Epichlo€ e genus. The high richness and ubiquitous nature of fungal endophytes strongly suggests fungal endophyte species in general can influence plant herbivore interactions (Jensen et al 2011), whereas in what ways are still mostly unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal endophyte diversity in tundra grasses increases by grazing

et al. 2015

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“…Karimi et al (2012) found that the host specificity of asexual Epichloë endophytes from Festuca arundinacea, F. pratensis, and Lolium perenne was consistent in geographically distant host grasses of the same species. However, Card et al (2014) analyzed endophytes isolated from Hordeum and Elymus species and found that most endophytes cluster according to geographical regions rather than host species. Our results were not consistent with either of the above findings.…”

Section: Endophytic Tubb + Tefa Treementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study (Torabinejad and Mueller, 1993) found that the polyploid Elymus species in this study contain genomes of the St, H and Y types, potentially from Pseudoroegneria, Hordeum and an unknown species. Pseudoroegneria species do not contain endophytes (Card et al, 2014). The transmission of asexual Epichloë endophytes to the next generation generally occurs via seeds (White et al, 1993).…”

Section: Hypothesis Of Endophyte Distribution Based On Host Hybridizamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An analysis of the chromosomes of tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid Elymus species indicated that they have five potential diploid donors: Pseudoroegneria (St genome), Hordeum (H genome), Agropyron (P genome), Australopyrum (W genome), and an unknown species (Y genome) (Dewey, 1984;Jensen, 1990;Torabinejad and Mueller, 1993). A recent report indicated that Pseudoroegneria has no endophytes; however, many asexual Epichloë endophytes and Epichloë bromicola are found in Hordeum and Elymus species from China, respectively (Card et al, 2014;Song and Nan, 2015). For the present study, we collected polyploid Elymus and diploid Hordeum species in western China and isolated their Epichloë endophytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Epichloë endophytes specific to Elymus grass hosts?

Song¹,

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Epichloë endophytes are widely distributed mutualists of cool-season grasses and can protect their hosts against biotic and abiotic stresses. Previous studies have shown that Epichloë endophytes are specific to their grass hosts in tall Festuca and Lolium species. However, no systematic analysis exists of host specificity of asexual Epichloë endophytes and Chinese Elymus species. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships between Chinese Elymus species and their diploid donor Hordeum species, using their corresponding Epichloë endophyte sequences. We found that 1) the maternal donor of the Chinese Elymus species was the Chinese Pseudoroegneria (St genome) or Hordeum (H genome); and 2) Chinese Hordeum species probably contained two species of Epichloë endophytes. One Epichloë endophyte was also present in a North American Elymus species. The other Epichloë endophyte was found in a Chinese Elymus species. Our results indicate that Epichloë endophytes isolated from Elymus species did not show grass-host specificity. 3) Plant hybridization could probably transform endophyte-free plants (E-) to endophyte-infected plants (E+). Based on 17463-17471 (2015) our data, we formulate hypotheses about which Epichloë endophytes were spread via plant hybridization.

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Mutualistic fungal endophytes in theTriticeae- survey and description

Cited by 42 publications

References 90 publications

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

The occurrence of ryegrass staggers and heat stress in sheep grazing ryegrass-endophyte associations with diverse alkaloid profiles

Fungal endophyte diversity in tundra grasses increases by grazing

Are Epichloë endophytes specific to Elymus grass hosts?

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