Bioluminescence is one of the oldest reported natural phenomena, dating back to the earliest records of the ancient Greeks (Virk, 2015). In his classic book on luminescence, Havey (1957) mentions that Georg Everard Rumph (1637-1706) reported in "Herbarium Ambroiense" that Indonesian natives carry luminescent fungus in their hands like a lantern to keep them from wandering off a path at night. In "Lights in the Forest" (Ishikawa, Ikeda, Baniwa, & Bruno, 2019), Aldevan Baniwa (of the Baniwa indigenous people with mother of the Tukano indigenous people) reported that in northwestern Amazonia it is common for the native people to say that they can be guided at night by "glowing" fallen leaves and branches on the ground, especially on moonless nights in the fully dark forest. These fallen leaves and branches colonized by luminescent fungi help them to find the trail back when there is no torch or flashlight.The first mushroom-forming species described as luminescent from Brazil was Gerronema viridilucens Desjardin, Capelari & Stevani, in the Atlantic Rainforest of São Paulo State (Desjardin, Capelari, & Stevani, 2005). Mycena lacrimans Singer, originally de-scribed from the Brazilian Amazon (Singer, 1989), was reported to be luminescent by Desjardin and Braga-Neto (2007). Similarly, M. discobasis Métrod, M. fera Maas Geest. & de Meijer and M. singeri Lodge were reported as luminescent only in Desjardin, Capelari, and Stevani (2007). Since then, nineteen species of luminescent fungi have been reported in Brazil (Table 1). To date, the total number of known luminescent fungi worldwide is 102 species (91 + six in Cortés-Pérez et al., 2019; + four in Terashima, Takahashi, & Taneyama, 2016; + one in Karunarathna et al., 2020). Overviews and discussion of many aspects of fungal luminescence (taxonomy, evolution, ecology, physiology, etc.) are provided by Desjardin, Oliveira, and Stevani (2008), Waldenmaier, Oliveira, and Stevani (2012) and Oliveira, Carvalho, Waldenmaier, and Stevani (2013.Mycena discobasis, M. lacrimans, M. fera and M. singeri (and others in Table 1) are cases that point to a possible daylight sampling bias mentioned by , which suggests that luminescence is more frequent in Mycena than we now think. As most mycological forays are conducted during the day (mostly in the morning), many Mycena species do not show luminescence. In evolutionary terms, Mycenaceae may include numerous species sharing this ecologically and adaptively important trait, since similar secondary metabolites often follow systematic relations (Gottli-