Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients. Seven cases and a review of the literature

Lloveras, J; Peterson, Phillip K.; Simmons, Richard L.; Najarían, John S.

doi:10.1001/archinte.142.5.888

Cited by 57 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the developing world there are unique aspects to the type of infectious complications seen in organ transplantation. For example, high rates of reactivation of M. tuberculosis , or complications such as Trypanosoma cruzii , may occur in organ transplantation ( 13, 14).…”

Section: Comparison Of Frequency Of Infectious Complications Among Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection in solid organ transplantation

Snydman

1999

Transplant Infectious Dis

130

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Infection in the organ transplant recipient is a major determinant of the outcome of transplantation. The attributable mortality from invasive fungal disease and cytomegalovirus disease has been 50 and 30%, respectively. Determinants of infection include epidemiologic exposures to environmental pathogens or exposure to latent infection in the donated organ or recipient, and changes in the net state of immunosuppression. For the past two decades significant improvements have been made in the recognition, prevention and treatment of infections, such as cytomegalovirus and P. carinii. Future research will need to focus on treatment of invasive mold infections, and the management of hepatitis B and C in liver transplantation. In addition, improvement in the prevention of the post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease syndrome will be necessary.

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Section: Comparison Of Frequency Of Infectious Complications Among Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection in solid organ transplantation

Snydman

1999

Transplant Infectious Dis

130

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“…2,3 Simultaneously NTM cases were reported in reviews of mycobacterial disease in renal transplant patients, though tuberculosis was the focus with poorer patient outcomes. 4,5 Other case reports focusing on NTM disease appeared in the cancer literature. 6-8 Since that time, tuberculosis has declined significantly in the U.S. and formal population-based epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the burden and increasing incidence of NTM infections and further described the clinical and epidemiologic risk factors for these infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Immunosuppressed Hosts

Henkle

Winthrop

2015

Clinics in Chest Medicine

258

205

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Synopsis Diseases and therapies that reduce cell-mediated immunity increase the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Historically acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS), cancer, and hematologic and solid organ transplants have been associated with NTM disease. More recently, immunosuppressive drugs including anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) biologics have been associated with NTM disease in population-based studies. Extrapulmonary NTM disease, including disseminated and skin and catheter-related disease, is more common in immunosuppressed compared to immunocompetent patients. Mycobacterium avium complex remains the most common cause of NTM infection of all sites, but rapid growers including M. abscessus, M. chelonae, and M. fortuitum play an important role in skin and catheter-related infections. With the exception of prophylaxis for AIDS patients with very low CD4+ counts, the prevention of NTM remains difficult. Management is complicated and involves restoring immune function and removing catheters in addition to treatment with species-specific antibiotic treatment per current ATS/IDSA guidelines.

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“…NTM infection is not common in the transplant recipient, and disseminated disease due to NTM is particularly rare. However, localized disease has been described in renal, heart, liver, and lung transplant recipients (3, 7–10). The only report of mycobacterial infection in a pancreatic transplant patient involved a spindle cell pseudotumor due to M. tuberculosis (11).…”

Section: Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection In the Transplant Recmentioning

confidence: 99%