Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii sp. nov., a slowly growing chromogenic species isolated from Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Abstract

Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii sp. nov., a slowly growing chromogenic species isolated from Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Morone saxatilis) A group of slowly growing photochromogenic mycobacteria was isolated from Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Morone saxatilis) during an epizootic of mycobacteriosis. Growth characteristics, acid-fastness and 16S rRNA gene sequencing results were consistent with those of the genus Mycobacterium. Biochemical reactions, growth characteristics and mycolic acid profiles (HPLC) resembled those of Mycobacterium shottsii, a non-pigmented mycobacterium also isolated during the same epizootic. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, the gene encoding the exported repeated protein (erp) and the gene encoding the 65 kDa heat-shock protein (hsp65) and restriction enzyme analysis of the hsp65 gene demonstrated that this group of isolates is unique. Insertion sequences associated with Mycobacterium ulcerans, IS2404 and IS2606, were detected by PCR. These isolates could be differentiated from other slowly growing pigmented mycobacteria by their inability to grow at 37 6C, production of niacin and urease, absence of nitrate reductase, negative Tween 80 hydrolysis and resistance to isoniazid (1 mg ml "1 ), p-nitrobenzoic acid, thiacetazone and thiophene-2-carboxylic hydrazide. On the basis of this polyphasic study, it is proposed that these isolates represent a novel species, Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii sp. nov. The type strain, L15 T , has been deposited in the American Type Culture Collection as ATCC BAA-883 T and the National Collection of Type Cultures (UK) as NCTC 13318 T .

Evolution of Mycobacterium ulcerans and Other Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria from a Common Mycobacterium marinum Progenitor

“…In the same study, a cluster of M. marinum strains that had been isolated from diseased fish in the Red and Mediterranean Seas (38) were also positive for mls gene sequences, and they too produced mycolactone F (26). One of these strains (DL240490) shared identical hsp65 gene sequences with M. pseudoshottsii and another fish pathogen, Mycobacterium seriolae (28).…”

“…It was also given the unofficial epithet Mycobacterium liflandii (19). In 2005, another new mycobacterium, isolated during an epizootic of mycobac-teriosis from diseased striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in Chesapeake Bay, was also shown to contain IS2404 and IS2606 and to share Ͼ98% nucleotide sequence identity with M. ulcerans, M. marinum, and Mycobacterium shottsii (28). Based on some phenotypic traits that distinguished it from M. ulcerans, such as photochromogenicity, absence of growth at 37°C, and scant growth at 30°C on Middlebrook 7H10 agar, this mycobacterium was given a new species designation, Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii.…”

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“…In general, the presence of granulomas and acid-fast rods (Fig 1a,b) in the infected fishes showed the same structure as those described in others species with mycobacterial infections (Heckert, et al, 2001;dos Santos, et al, 2002;Shukla, et al, 2013). The primary pathogens of mycobacteriosis in fish that report those signs of diseases are M. abscessus, M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, M. marinum, M. triplex (Rhodes, et al, 2005;Ferreira, et al, 2006).…”

Mycobacterium sediminis sp. nov. and Mycobacterium arabiense sp. nov., two rapidly growing members of the genus Mycobacterium

“…Many members of the genus have been isolated from clinical specimens and are pathogenic to humans and animals or potentially responsible for disease, while some free-living strains are wildly distributed in the environment and possess other abilities, for example, degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cholesterol pyrene and fluoranthene (Uhía et al, 2012;Seo et al, 2009;Ló pez et al, 2006). Rhodes and colleagues isolated two novel Mycobacterium strains from Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Rhodes et al, 2003(Rhodes et al, , 2005, Padgittt & Moshier (1987) isolated one novel strain from a marine sponge. However, to our knowledge, there has been no novel strain of the genus Mycobacterium isolated from marine sediment or coastal zone soil or sand samples reported previously.…”