Mycobacterium spp. in wild game in Slovenia

Pate, Mateja; Zajc, Urška; Kušar, Darja; Žele, Diana; Vengušt, Gorazd; Pirš, Tina; Ocepek, M.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.004

Cited by 16 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It seems that this is the main cause of the lack of transmission of M. bovis/caprae between badgers and other species of domestic animals, mainly cattle. Similar results were obtained in Slovenia, where M. bovis was not found in any of the tested badgers, and a positive result was found only in fallow deer (Dama dama) [10].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Badgers as a potential source of bovine tuberculosis – first studies in Poland

Lipiec¹,

Nowakowski²,

Radulski³

et al. 2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Since 2009, Poland has been recognized as a country officially free of bovine tuberculosis (BTB). However, new outbreaks are each year quoted. In many countries it has been shown that badgers (Meles meles) are a vector of Mycobacterium bovis/caprae (M.bovis/caprae) and a source of bovine tuberculosis for many domestical species, mainly for cattle. The aim of the presented study was to determine, for the first time in Poland, the occurrence of tuberculosis in badgers in areas where the disease occurs in cattle. Tissue samples were examined by classical microbiology methods, mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT), and real time PCR. A total of 155 samples from 31 badgers were examined. In any case Mycobacterium bovis/caprae infection has not been diagnosed. This indicates that badgers probably are not a vector of bovine tuberculosis in Poland.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Badgers as a potential source of bovine tuberculosis – first studies in Poland

Lipiec¹,

Nowakowski²,

Radulski³

et al. 2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…It is worth mentioning that M. celatum can cause false M. tuberculosis-positive results in commercial molecular identification tests [9]. Lastly, M. peregrinum has been described as an opportunistic pathogen for humans and livestock [2], even though it has also been detected in wild animals [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) Carrying Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Able to Infect Cattle and Interfere with the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis

et al. 2020

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Mycobacterial infections caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are of great medical and veterinary relevance. The aim of this research was to study whether small mammals play a role in the epidemiology of mycobacterioses. Four samplings of 100 traps were performed in each of three cattle farms with previous history of tuberculosis or NTM between 2017 and 2018. A total of 108 animals belonging to seven species were trapped, classified, and necropsied, and tissues were submitted to microbiological and molecular methods for mycobacteria identification. The wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) was the most abundant species (87%). No MTC was detected but six different NTM were identified (M. intracellulare, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. gordonae, M. celatum, M. fortuitum, and a not determined Mycobacterium sp.), showing a prevalence of 6.5%. No significant association was found between mycobacteria prevalence and the analyzed factors. Although a role in the epidemiology of MTC could not be attributed to small mammals, A. sylvaticus carries NTM that could be pathogenic or interfere with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. According to our results, there is a risk of NTM transmission at the wildlife–livestock interface through potential indirect contacts between small mammals and cattle.

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“…Indeed, the species are not differentiated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing 36 . In animals, M. peregrinum has been described as an etiological agent of mycobacteriosis in farmed fish 37 was recently isolated in wild boar from Slovenia 18 . It is an opportunistic pathogen previously implicated in surgical site infections and catheter-related infections 12,38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We report here on the first isolation of M. setense in wild boars. M. peregrinum and M. setense are two members of the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex, which is including rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria 40 distributed in the aquatic environment 18,42 . This may suggest the presence of these mycobacteria in the aquatic environments frequented by the wild boar at military camp B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacteria fecal shedding in wild boars (Sus scrofa), South-eastern France

Fellag

Drancourt

Marié³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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11The recent recrudescence of tuberculosis in cattle has implicated wild boar as a 12 reservoir and vector of this disease, which led to the investigation of fecal shedding of 13 the causative Mycobacterium bovis. In the Provence region of France, wild boars are 14 very abundant, and the current study was carried out to assess the presence of 15 tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacteria in feces of wild boar population. W e 16 developed an original protocol allowing the fast isolation of mycobacteria by 17 combining a 1%-chlorhexidine decontamination of fecal matter with culture on MOD9 18 medium. Colonies were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-19 of-flight mass spectrometry, combined with DNA sequencing. This protocol yielded 20 no tuberculous mycobacteria among ninety-nine wild boar fecal samples collected in 21 the Provence region. However, non-tuberculous mycobacteria were isolated from five 22 samples (5.05%), including Mycobacterium peregrinum, Mycobacterium vaccae and 23 Mycobacterium setense, the last species being previously unreported in the wild 24 boar; in addition to two positive samples for Nocardia spp. In conclusion, wild boars 25 in southeastern France are not shedding tuberculosis agents, but they could 26 constitute a reservoir of human non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis in selected 27 populations directly exposed to wild boars.28 29 Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonosis due to Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) affecting 30 both livestock and wild mammals 1 . Bovine tuberculosis is a contagious infection of 31 significant health and economic importance and eradication programs have been 32 implemented in a number of developed countries 1,2 . These programs yielded a 33 remarkable reduction of the incidence of the disease 1,3 . 34 However, the wide distribution of M. bovis in wildlife is a major obstacle to the 35 eradication of tuberculosis in cattle 2,3 . In numerous countries, bovine tuberculosis is 36 maintained by multi-host systems involving cattle and wild mammals 2-4 . While the 37 role of the red deer (Cervus elaphus) remains controversial 3 , the European badger 38 (Meles meles) in Great Britain and Ireland and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the 39 Iberian Peninsula are acknowledged reservoirs for M. bovis 3,5 . The later species is 40 also recognized as a host for other Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, including 41 Mycobacterium microti 6 and Mycobacterium caprae 7 . In addition, non-tuberculous 42 mycobacteria that are widely distributed in the environment are not uncommon in wild 43 boars, where they were isolated from lymph nodes 8 and feces 9,10 . These non-44 tuberculous mycobacteria have been identified as emerging human pathogens, 45 especially in immunocompromised patients 11,12 . 46 Accordingly, naturally infected wild boars excrete M. bovis mycobacteria by oro-47 nasal and digestive routes, with inocula above 10 3 colony-forming units (CFU)/g 13 . 48 Furthermore, it has been shown that M. bovis can persist in soil for several months 14 . 49 Interaction...

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Mycobacterium spp. in wild game in Slovenia

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Badgers as a potential source of bovine tuberculosis – first studies in Poland

Badgers as a potential source of bovine tuberculosis – first studies in Poland

Detection of Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) Carrying Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Able to Infect Cattle and Interfere with the Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis

Mycobacteria fecal shedding in wild boars (Sus scrofa), South-eastern France

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