Mycoflora of peach twigs and flowers and its possible significance in biological control of Monilinia laxa

Melgarejo, P.; Carrillo, Roberto; Sagasta, E.M.

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(85)80194-7

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Isolates of Alternaria and Cladosporium were the more frequently isolated fungi in the present study and also have been reported from such plants as lettuce (Mercier and Reeleder 1987), peach (Melgarejo et al 1985), rapeseed (Tsuneda and Skoropad 1978), tomato (Newhook 1957), and strawberry (Bhatt andVaughan 1962, 1963). Additional fungi such as Botrytis, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Trichoderma were isolated in the present study and also have been reported from other hosts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers

Boland¹,

Inglis²

1989

Can. J. Bot.

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1989. Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers. Can. J. Bot. 67: 1775-1781. Filamentous fungi from white bean and rapeseed flowers were isolated, characterized, and evaluated for potential as antagonists to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. Various fungi were isolated from surface-sterilized petals sampled from four developmental stages ranging from freshly opened flowers to petals that had lodged on plant surfaces. Alternaria and Cladosporium spp. were the dominant mycoflora and were isolated from 65-100% of the petals that developed fungal colonies. All isolates, except one, restricted ascospore germination by the pathogen on water agar by 16-66%, and 13 of 28 isolates restricted mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar by 29-46%. Bean flowers were inoculated with spore suspensions of S. sclerotiorurn and of individual antagonists and were then placed on detached bean leaves, bean seedlings, and flowering bean plants. On detached leaves in a laboratory environment, 16 of 28 isolates suppressed white mold lesion diameter by 10-100%. On bean seedlings in a growth room, 8 isolates suppressed the percentage of flowers developing lesions by 42-loo%, and 12 of 13 isolates reduced mean lesion diameter by 14 -100%. On flowering bean plants in a greenhouse, 6 of 11 isolates suppressed the percentage of flowers developing lesions by 14 -90%. The most disease-suppressive fungi included isolates of Drechslera sp., Epicoccum purpurascens, Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium heterosporum; isolates of Myrothecium verrucaria ind ~richodermi viride were effective in some trials. BOLAND, G. J., et INGLIS, G. D. 1989. Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers. Can. J. Bot. 67 : 1775 -1781. Les auteurs ont is016 des champignons filarnenteux i partir de fleurs de haricot blanc et de colza et ils ont CvaluC leur potentie1 comme antagonistes contre le Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. 11s ont isolt divers champignons i partir de pttales stCrillisCs superficiellement et CchantillonCs i quatre stades de dtveloppement i partir de la fleur fraichement Cclose jusqu'aux petales tombts sur les surfaces de la plante. Les Alternaria et les Cladosporium spp. dominent la flore et proviennent de 65 21 100% des pCtales qui ont dtveloppC des colonies fongiques. Tous les isolats, sauf un, attCnuent la germination des ascospores entre 16 et 66% sur eau gClosCe, et 13 des 28 isolats diminuent la croissance mycClienne entre 29 et 46% sur extrait de pomme de terre gClosC. Des fleurs de haricot ont Ctk inoculCes avec des suspensions de spores du S. sclerotiorum et celles des antagonistes individuels et ont ensuite kt6 plactes sur des feuilles de haricot dCtachCes, sur des plantules de haricot et sur des plants de haricot en fleur. Sur feuilles dCtachtes en conditions de laboratoire, 16 des 28 isolats ont dirninuC le dCveloppernent des lCsions fongiques en diamktre entre 10 et 100%. Sur les plantules de haricot en chambre de cr...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers

Boland¹,

Inglis²

1989

Can. J. Bot.

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“…To demonstrate the fungal origin of PL, cycloheximide was applied at 0.1 or 10 pg ml-' to uredosporelings 8 h after inoculation and substrate application, and streptomycin sulfate or ampicillin (0.5 mg ml-' of each in combination with 0.1 Yo polygalacturonate) (Melgarejo et al, 1985 ;Heiler e t al., 1993) were applied directly to inoculated membranes. Cycloheximide and ampicillin were obtained from Sigma, and streptomycin sulfate from Serva.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonate lyase activity during differentiation of infection structures in Uromyces viciae-fabae

et al. 1995

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The broad bean rust fungus Uromyces viciae-fabae differentiates infection structures up to the haustorial mother cell stage on thigmotropically inductive membranes in the absence of its host plant. Formation of pectin methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonate lyase (PL), potentially involved in host cell wall degradation, was studied during infection structure differentiation by this biotrophic fungus. PME was first detectable when substomatal vesicles were formed and reached a maximum when infection hyphae and haustorial mother cells were differentiated. Four isoenzymes, exhibiting pls of 82,506, 5-2 and 45, were separated by chromatofocusing, and the kinetics of their synthesis and the K,s of the three major isoenzymes were determined. The enzyme activity was formed independently of the presence of its substrate and its regulation was thus differentiation-specific. A single PL was induced when haustorial mother cells were formed and i t s synthesis appeared to be controlled by both the developmental stage of infection structures and the availability of its substrate. Polygalacturonate concentrations lower than 0-025 mg ml-l induced enzyme synthesis, and at 0 2 5 mg ml-l the induction process appeared to be saturated. Enzyme formation in the presence of 50 mM glucose, fructose or sucrose suggested that neither pectic enzyme was subject to catabolite repression. Significant proportions of PME (approx. 57%) and PL (approx. 7 6 % ) activity were located extracellularly in 24-h-old differentiated infection structures and could contribute to the establishment of the parasite. Physico-chemical and kinetic properties of the enzymes and associated alterations of the apoplastic pH of infected host plants appeared to be important factors in the success of infection and could explain the restriction of cell wall damage at the penetration site usually observed in interactions involving obligately biotrophic fungi.Germany

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“…conidia found on fruit surface. Melgarejo et al (1985) found that five species (Aspergillus flavus, E. nigrum, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. frequentans and P. purpurogenum) inhibit hyphal growth and conidia germination of M. laxa. De Cal et al (1988) recorded that P. frequentans produces substances with antifungal activity against M. laxa.…”

Section: Biological Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genus Monilinia on pome and stone fruit species

Hrustić

Mihajlović

Grahovac

et al. 2012

Pesticidi i fitomedicina

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SUMMARYDifferent species of the genus Monilinia are common plant pathogens that endanger pome and stone fruit production worldwide. In Serbia, two species of this genus are widely distributed -M. laxa and M. fructigena, while M. fructicola, which is officially on the A2 EPPO List of quarantine pest organisms in Europe and on the 1A part I List of quarantine pest organisms in Serbia, has so far been detected only on stored apple and nectarine fruits. The most important control measures against these pathogens include chemical control in combination with adequate cultural practices, particularly under favourable conditions for disease development. Concerning that species of this genus can cause significant economic losses, knowledge of the pathogen biology, disease epidemiology and pathogen-host interactions is a necessary prerequisite for stable and profitable production of pome and stone fruits.

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Mycoflora of peach twigs and flowers and its possible significance in biological control of Monilinia laxa

Cited by 65 publications

References 11 publications

Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers

Antagonism of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of bean by fungi from bean and rapeseed flowers

Regulation of pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonate lyase activity during differentiation of infection structures in Uromyces viciae-fabae

Genus Monilinia on pome and stone fruit species

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