Mycological assessment of sediments in Ligurian beaches in the Northwestern Mediterranean: Pathogens and opportunistic pathogens

Salvo, Vanessa-Sarah; Fabiano, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.001

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The zonation of microorganisms on sandy beaches is a well-known global phenomenon in marine ecosystems (McLachlan & Jaramillo 1995, Mudryk et al 2001, Salvo & Fabiano 2007. The results of the present study showed that along the horizontal profile of the beach the highest numbers of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts were noted in the dune and the lowest in the sand collected from the subtidal zone and waterline in both studied beaches.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Marine fungi constitute mainly Ascomycota, Deutromycota, Basidiomycota and anamorhic fungi, which have been reported on a variety of detritus: decaying wood, leaves, seaweeds, seagrasses, and calcareous and chitinous substrates (Prasannari & Sridhar 2001, Figuera & Barta 2007, Gomes et al 2008. Most filamentous fungi isolated from marine ecosystems are opportunistic pathogens, especially in immunocompromised patients, including Acremonium sp., Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillum sp., and also the pathogenic genus Microsporum which can cause deep mycoses in humans (Sarquis & de Oliveira 1996, de Hoog et al 2000, Migahed 2003, Salvo & Fabiano 2007, Gomes et al 2008, Zakaria et al 2011. Pathogenic fungi, mainly the resistant spores of dermatophytes, can survive in a marine environment for 25 to 360 days (Anderson 1979, Carillo-Munoz et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Mudryk

Perliński

Skórczewski

et al. 2013

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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The abundance of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts in the marine epipsammon habitat and their spatial distribution were studied with conventional plating techniques in two marine beaches (Ustka and Czołpino, southern Baltic Sea) which are characterized by different anthropic pressure levels. Actinomycetes constituted the predominant group of studied microorganisms, while the least numerous were yeasts in the sand of both studied beaches. On both of the beaches researched in this study, the amounts of accumulated actinomycetales, fungi and yeasts were similar. When analyzing the distribution of the microflora along the horizontal beach profiles we found significant differences. In the sand collected along the profile perpendicular to the shoreline in Ustka and Czołpino beaches, the highest numbers of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts were noted in the samples from the dune and the lowest in those from the subtidal zone and waterline. Generally, higher numbers of studied microorganisms were observed in the surface * Corresponding author e-mail: pperlinski@apsl.edu.pl than in the subsurface sand layer. The occurrence of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts showed considerable seasonal variation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Mudryk

Perliński

Skórczewski

et al. 2013

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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“…A 3-log reduction in the infectivity of PV1 was observed in 14 days in seawater having marine sediments, whereas such a reduction was observed in 4 days in seawater without sediments (23). These results suggest that environmental sediments have a protective effect on pathogens (1,20), and the association of pathogens with environmental sediments cannot be ignored when considering the fate of pathogens in water environments (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of an Effective Method for Recovery of Viral Genomic RNA from Environmental Silty Sediments for Quantitative Molecular Detection

Miura

Masago

Sano

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Nine approaches to recover viral RNA from environmental silty sediments were newly developed and compared to quantify RNA viruses in sediments using molecular methods. Four of the nine approaches employed direct procedures for extracting RNA from sediments (direct methods), and the remaining five approaches used indirect methods wherein viral particles were recovered before RNA extraction. A direct method using an SDS buffer with EDTA to lyse viral capsids in sediments, phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol to extract RNA, isopropanol to concentrate RNA, and magnetic beads to purify RNA resulted in the highest rate of recovery (geometric mean of 11%, with a geometric standard deviation of 0.02; n ‫؍‬ 7) of poliovirus 1 (PV1) inoculated in an environmental sediment sample. The direct method exhibiting the highest rate of PV1 recovery was applied to environmental sediment samples. One hundred eight sediment samples were collected from the Takagi River, Miyagi, Japan, and its estuary from November 2007 to April 2009, and the genomic RNAs of enterovirus and human norovirus in these samples were quantified by reverse transcription (RT)-quantitative PCR (qPCR). The human norovirus genome was detected in one sample collected at the bay, although its concentration was below the quantification limit. Meanwhile, the enterovirus genome was detected in two samples at the river mouth and river at concentrations of 8.6 ؋ 10 2 and 2.4 ؋ 10 2 copies/g (wet weight), respectively. This is the first report to obtain quantitative data for a human pathogenic virus in a river and in estuarine sediments using RT-qPCR. [6,14], and rotavirus [6]) pathogens have been detected in environmental sediments. Whittington et al. reported previously that M. avium in sediments from a dam lake survived 12 to 26 weeks longer than it did in a water column (29). Moreover, the persistence of viral pathogens in environmental sediments has been reported. Smith et al. demonstrated previously that poliovirus 1 (PV1), coxsackieviruses B3 and A9, and echovirus 1 survived significantly longer when associated with marine sediments (23). A 3-log reduction in the infectivity of PV1 was observed in 14 days in seawater having marine sediments, whereas such a reduction was observed in 4 days in seawater without sediments (23). These results suggest that environmental sediments have a protective effect on pathogens (1, 20), and the association of pathogens with environmental sediments cannot be ignored when considering the fate of pathogens in water environments (22). Bacterial (Mycobacterium aviumWhen storms, tides, or strong winds cause sediment resuspension, pathogens in sediments are also resuspended, resulting in high pathogen levels in the water column. Dorner et al. indicated previously the importance of the resuspension of microorganisms from stream sediments rather than land-based sources according to the hydrological simulation of Escherichia coli during storm events (4). The quantitative detection of pathogens in environmental sediments is thus crucial for ...

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“…Fungi that are often found in the environment as saprotrophs may act as opportunistic pathogens, especially in immunocompromised patients (Hoog et al, 2000). In the beach environment fungi have mostly been isolated from beach sand, including a number of genera and species that are potential pathogens for humans (Mancini et al, 2005;Salvo & Fabiano, 2007;Vogel et al, 2007;Abdallaoui et al, 2007). However, to date, no study has been designed to examine the presence and concentrations of fungi in the SZIW.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Swash zone interstitial water is a reservoir of fungal micro-organisms on a Mediterranean beach (Genoa City, Italy)

Vezzulli

Zotti

Marín

et al. 2009

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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The swash zone interstitial water (SZIW) which occupies interstices, or spaces between sand grains at the shoreline is suspected of accumulating microbes and thus of posing a health risk for beach users. In this study we examined the presence and concentrations of filamentous fungi and yeasts in SZIW and compared the results with the fungal densities found in the beach sand at three sampling locations along a Mediterranean beach (Sturla Beach, Genoa City, Italy). Unexpectedly SZIW had the highest counts of total filamentous fungi and yeasts while sand samples always displayed lower counts. The SZIW also harboured a high fungal diversity with ten genera and 74 different strains isolated from this matrix while only eight genera and 47 different strains were isolated from the beach sand samples. Overall data from this study suggest that SZIW may constitute an important reservoir of fungal micro-organisms in the beach environment.

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Mycological assessment of sediments in Ligurian beaches in the Northwestern Mediterranean: Pathogens and opportunistic pathogens

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Development of an Effective Method for Recovery of Viral Genomic RNA from Environmental Silty Sediments for Quantitative Molecular Detection

Swash zone interstitial water is a reservoir of fungal micro-organisms on a Mediterranean beach (Genoa City, Italy)

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