In Spiroplasma.floricola, the transmembrane proton-motive potential zip was studied. It is composed of a transmembrane electric potential difference, ziq;, and a transmembrane proton gradient, zipH, according to zip = 3~9 -(Z.ZIpH). Using a potential-sensitive carbocyanine dye and 5,5'-dimethyl[2-14C]oxazolidine -2,4-dione as probes, zi~ and zipH were measured at different [H +] of the medium, and zip was calculated to be remarkably constant at 123 mV + 16% over a wide range of external pH values. Inhibition experiments indicated that it is generated by a membrane-bound, electrogenic, proton-translocating ATPase.