Mycorrhizal Interactions for Reforestation: Constraints to Dryland Agroforest in Brazil

Abstract

Reforestation provides restoration of forest ecosystem services including improved soil fertility, which leads to increased productivity and/or sustainability of the system. Trees also increase the average carbon stocks providing wood supply for local communities; however, C sequestration strategies highlight tree plantations without considering their full environmental consequences, such as losses in stream flow. The productivity of a site is a consequence of their physical, chemical, and biological properties, resulting in natural fertile soils or adequate managed soils for improved quality. Thus, it is required to know the variations in the properties of land-use systems for adoptability of agroforestry innovations. The choice of agroforestry tree species (highly mycorrhizal dependent plants should be selected) would have great implications for the manipulation of arbuscular mycorrhizas's species. In dry forest, the inevitable consequence of cutting has been the loss of vegetation cover and insufficient scientific information on the capacity to optimize forest recuperation affects agroforestry adoption. To study the biological properties of soils is now of interest; therefore, this paper reviews the literature that has hitherto been published on mycorrhizal interactions for reforestation and points out the use of mycorrhizal technology as one of the alternatives to improve forest products and environmental quality.

Advances in Eco-Efficient Agriculture: The Plant-Soil Mycobiome

“…In South America, integrating cropping livestock systems reduces irrigation and energy needs in comparison to monoculture; however, there is insufficient scientific information to optimize agroforestry adoption [48]. Moreover, pastures with intercropped grasses and legumes can increase the production, the forage quality, and the profitability and sustainability of these systems in tropical regions [49].…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of arboreal Caatinga submitted to forest management

“…These practices have led to deforestation and loss of species peculiar to the Caatinga biome, damaging ecological processes that are fundamental to the functioning of the ecosystem (Pagano et al, 2011).…”

Plant and Soil Biota: Crucial for Mitigating Climate Change in Forests

“…1). Trees also increase the carbon (C) sequestration providing wood supply for local communities; however, C sequestration strategies highlight tree plantations without considering their full environmental contributions, such as losses in stream flow [1]. Therefore, it has been shown that placing a value on ecosystem services (forest services) helps to preserve water supply [5].…”

“…Forestation increases the permeability of the soil and emits water vapor into the atmosphere through evaporation and transpiration, further reducing the runoff of rainwater [1]. It is known that forests influence climate through physical, chemical, and biological processes that affect planetary energetics, the hydrologic cycle, and atmospheric composition, and thus they inhibit or magnify anthropogenic climate change [2].…”