Mycorrhizal status of plant species colonizing a magnesite mine spoil in India

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in an iron mining area and its surroundings: Inoculum potential, density, and diversity of spores related to soil properties

“…Carvalho et al (2012), evaluating different areas of rocky fields belonging to the Cerrado biome, also found variability in the diversity of AMF species among the sampled areas, and the authors attributed such a variation to the heterogeneity among the habitats evaluated. A richness of AMF species from 6 to 13 was detected in areas affected by mining in the United States (Kiernan;Hendrix;Maronek, 1983), India (Raman et al, 1993), and Brazil (Melloni;Siqueira;Moreira, 2003;Mergulhão et al, 2010); these values are lower than the ones detected in this study (20). Inocula from different areas may have been added to tailings piles in the process of their construction, and the higher diversity found there may be explained by heterogeneity among the piles and by the mixture of materials in their construction (Unpublished data of Diego Tassinari).…”

The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in zinc uptake by red clover growing in a calcareous soil spiked with various quantities of zinc

“…Some studies have shown a positive impact of infection by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the resistance of the host plants to Zn contamination of soils (Heggo et al, 1990;Hetrick et al, 1994;Zhu et al, 2001). The widespread existence of AM fungi in metal contaminated sites has also provided evidence of adaptation and tolerance of microorganisms to toxic metals (Shetty et al, 1995;Pawlowska et al, 1996), and metal tolerant fungi have been isolated (Raman et al, 1993;Griffioen, 1994;Weissenhorn et al, 1993Weissenhorn et al, , 1994Hildebrandt et al, 1999). The feasibility of employing AM in soil re-vegetation and remediation has elicited great interest, and numerous studies have focused on the functions of AM fungi in metal-contaminated soils (Vangronsveld et al, 1996;Leyval et al, 1997;Khan et al, 2000).…”

Effects of EDTA application and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization on growth and zinc uptake by maize (Zea mays L.) in soil experimentally contaminated with zinc

“…The wide distribution of AM fungi on metal contaminated sites has shown general adaptation and tolerance of these symbionts to heavy metals (Pawlowska et al, 1996;Shetty et al, 1994a,b), and metal-tolerant fungal strains have been isolated by several research groups (Griffioen, 1994;Hildebrandt et al, 1999;Raman et al, 1993;Weissenhorn et al, 1993Weissenhorn et al, , 1994. Recent research has focused on the the role of AM fungi in the stabilization, rather than the remediation, of metal polluted ecosystems (Vangronsveld et al, 1996;Leyval et al, 1997;Khan et al, 2000).…”