Mycotoxin Biodegradation Ability of the Cupriavidus Genus

Abstract

The biodegradation and biodetoxification ability of five prominent mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin-A (OTA), zearalenone (ZON), T-2 toxin (T-2) and deoxynivalenol (DON) of Cupriavidus genus were investigated. Biological methods are the most appropriate approach to detoxify mycotoxins. The Cupriavidus genus has resistance to heavy metals and can be found in several niches such as root nodules and aquatic environments. The genus has 17 type strains, 16 of which have been investigated in the present study. According to the results, seven type strains can degrade OTA, four strains can degrade AFB1, four strains can degrade ZON and three strains can degrade T-2. None of the strains can degrade DON. The biodetoxification was measured using different biotests. SOS-chromotest was used for detecting the genotoxicity of AFB1, the BLYES test was used to evaluate the oestrogenicity of ZON, and the zebrafish embryo microinjection test was conducted to observe the teratogenicity of OTA, T-2 and their by-products. Two type strains, namely C. laharis CCUG 53908 T and C. oxalaticus JCM 11285 T reduced the genotoxicity of AFB1, whilst C. basilensis DSM 11853 T decreased the oestrogenic of ZON. There were strains which were able to biodegrade more than two mycotoxins. Two strains degraded two mycotoxins, namely C. metalliduriens CCUG 13724 T (AFB1, T-2) and C. oxalaticus (AFB1, ZON) whilst two strains C. pinatubonensis DSM 19553 T and C. basilensis degraded three toxins (ZON, OTA, T-2) and C. numazuensis DSM 15562 T degraded four mycotoxins (AFB1, ZON, OTA, T-2), which is unique a phenomenon amongst bacteria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00284-020-02063-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Exploration on the Enhancement of Detoxification Ability of Zearalenone and Its Degradation Products of Aspergillus niger FS10 under Directional Stress of Zearalenone

“…We thus speculated that product A was the main degradation product, and other products could be degraded into a large number of small molecules. Earlier research [43] indicates that the toxic structure of mycotoxins often exists in the epoxy structure of toxins. Therefore, when the epoxy structure of the toxin is broken or destroyed, the toxicity of mycotoxins disappears or decreases.…”

The potency of bacterial field isolates for zearalenone and aflatoxin B1 detoxification in contaminated crop-origin raw material

“…There are studies that suggest that zearalenone can be degraded by Pseudomonas sp., Rhodococcus pyridinivorans and S. cerevisiae [15,16,17,18]. The ability of bacteria of the genus Cupriavidus to biodegradate a number of mycotoxins was revealed [19], and such as aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol were subject to study. According to the research results, seven types of strains can degrade ochratoxin A, four strains can degrade aflatoxin B1, four strains can degrade zearalenone and three strains can degrade T-2 toxin.…”

Food Mycotoxins: Dietary Interventions Implicated in the Prevention of Mycotoxicosis

“…The SOS-chromo test showed that two strains, C. laharis and C. oxalaticus, eliminated the genotoxic effects of AFB1; however, according to the Bioluminescent Yeast Estrogen Assay (BLYES), C. basilensis reduce the estrogenic effects of ZEN. 188 Similarly, Bacillus pumilus ES-21, a soil bacteria strain was found to eliminate the ZEN in culture conditions with a biodegradation rate up to 95.7%. 189 Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the well-known microorganisms in food fermentation.…”

“…The degradation assay showed that Cupriavidus strains degrade OTA (97%), AFB1 (91%), ZEN (82%–96%), and T-2 (95%) toxin effectively, while none of the members could degrade DON. The SOS-chromo test showed that two strains, C. laharis and C. oxalaticus , eliminated the genotoxic effects of AFB1; however, according to the Bioluminescent Yeast Estrogen Assay (BLYES), C. basilensis reduce the estrogenic effects of ZEN . Similarly, Bacillus pumilus ES-21, a soil bacteria strain was found to eliminate the ZEN in culture conditions with a biodegradation rate up to 95.7% …”