Mycotoxin contamination of food and feeds in the Philippines

Arim, Rosario H.

doi:10.2520/myco1975.2003.suppl3_167

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Mycotoxin contamination in the agricultural products of the country happens during the pre-and post-harvest stages of production (27). However, research in the Philippines is more focused on aflatoxin contamination in food and feeds because of its prevalence and the serious threat to human and animal health (29,30). According to Arim et al (29), more than 50% of corn stocks in government and privately owned warehouses were estimated to be contaminated with non-tolerable aflatoxin concentrations ( > 20 μg/kg).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of mycotoxin risk on corn in the Philippines under current and future climate change conditions

Salvacion¹,

Pangga²,

Cumagun³

2015

Reviews on Environmental Health

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AbstractThis study attempts to assess the risk of mycotoxins (aflatoxins and fumonisins) contamination on corn in the Philippines under current and projected climate change conditions using fuzzy logic methodology based on the published range of temperature and rainfall conditions that favor mycotoxin development. Based on the analysis, projected climatic change will reduce the risk of aflatoxin contamination in the country due to increased rainfall. In the case of fumonisin contamination, most parts of the country are at a very high risk both under current conditions and the projected climate change conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of mycotoxin risk on corn in the Philippines under current and future climate change conditions

Salvacion¹,

Pangga²,

Cumagun³

2015

Reviews on Environmental Health

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“…The incidence of aflatoxin in maize in the Philippines was reported from kernels, processed products, and feeds (Arim, 2003). According to the Philippine National Standard/Bureau of Agricultural and Fisheries Product Standards (2014), the maximum level of aflatoxin for food is 20 μg/kg (ppb) in raw maize grains and maize grits while the maximum level for feed is 50 μg/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of aflatoxin in maize in the Philippines was reported from kernels, processed products, and feeds (Arim, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aflatoxin levels and Aspergillus species in maize in the Province of Isabela, Philippines

Romero

Cumagun

2023

Journal of Phytopathology

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The province of Isabela is the top maize producer in the Philippines. The intensive cultivation and the tropical climate in the region may favour fungal growth and aflatoxin contamination in maize grains. Thus, the study aimed to determine the occurrence of aflatoxin and mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species in maize varieties in this region. Samples were obtained in six municipalities from hybrid (Bt) maize (n = 101) and open‐pollinated varieties (n = 6) during the dry season (March and April) of 2019. Aflatoxin levels were quantified through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and Aspergillus species were identified through cultural and molecular methods. Aflatoxin was detected in 50.5% of maize samples; 49.5% of samples were less than the limit of detection (3 μg/kg), 16.8% with 3–20 μg/kg, 10.9% with 21–50 μg/kg and 22.8% above 50 μg/kg. Samples within the acceptable level were 66.3% for food (<20 μg/kg) and 77.2% for animal feed (<50 μg/kg), while 22.8% of samples were above the acceptable level of the Philippine National Standard for raw maize grains. More than 90% of Aspergillus species detected were A. flavus. Other species identified were A. tamarii and A. terreus. Despite the dry production season in the province with low relative humidity during harvesting, inadequate post‐harvest practices and the presence of A. flavus elevated the level of aflatoxin in sample grains. Additional work involving multi‐year surveys is needed to confirm the results and conclusions of this study.

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The climate-induced alteration of future geographic distribution of aflatoxin in peanut crops and its adaptation options

Haerani

Apan

Basnet

2020

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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Because of its negative effect on health, aflatoxin has become one of the most important mycotoxins in the world. As climate stress is one of the main triggers of aflatoxin incidence, climate change could affect its geographic distribution. The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of climate change on the future distribution of aflatoxin in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) crops in Australia. The projected distributions in 2030, 2050, 2070, and 2100 were modelled by employing CLIMEX (CLIMatic indEX) model using two Global Climate Models (GCMs), i.e. CSIRO-Mk3.0 and MIROC-H based on SRES A2 and SRES A1B climate scenarios. This study has successfully developed CLIMEX model parameters for aflatoxin, and confirmed the climatic zones preference of aflatoxin incidence, as concluded by other studies. Therefore, the model parameters are applicable in all parts of the world. The projection results in Australia confirm that climate change affects the future distribution of aflatoxin, including the distribution in the current peanut growing areas. Shifts in aflatoxin invasion areas from the tropical and subtropical climate zones of the eastern part of Australia to the temperate climate zones of the south-eastern and south-western parts of the country were projected by 2100. Thus, adaptation and mitigation measures are needed to overcome the negative impacts in the future. Options for these measures include relocation of planting areas, development of host-plant resistance, proper agricultural practices, and mitigation actions by using physical, chemical, and biological approaches.

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Mycotoxin contamination of food and feeds in the Philippines

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of mycotoxin risk on corn in the Philippines under current and future climate change conditions

Assessment of mycotoxin risk on corn in the Philippines under current and future climate change conditions

Aflatoxin levels and Aspergillus species in maize in the Province of Isabela, Philippines

The climate-induced alteration of future geographic distribution of aflatoxin in peanut crops and its adaptation options

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