Mycotoxin detection in infant formula milks in Italy

Meucci, Valentina; Razzuoli, Elisabetta; Soldani, Giulio; Massart, Francesco

doi:10.1080/02652030903207201

Cited by 74 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In a recent study in Portugal, OTA was detected in 10 out of 27 (37%) baby foods (LOQ ¼ 0.028 mg kg À1 ) at levels ranging from 0.032 to 0.212 mg kg À1 (Alvito et al, 2010). In Italy, Meucci et al (2010) found OTA in 133 (71.9%) of 185 milk-based formulae, with OTA levels ranging from 35.1 to 689.5 ng l À1 .…”

Section: Occurrence Of Afm 1 and Otamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Alvito et al (2010) demonstrated that AFM 1 was detected in 4 out of 27 baby foods purchased from big supermarkets, retail shops and pharmacies in Lisbon, Portugal, with a maximum level of 0.041 mg kg À1 . In a screening study carried out on infant formula milks in Italy, Meucci et al (2010) found that only two out of 185 samples contained detectable levels of AFM 1 (range ¼ 11.8e15.3 ng l À1 ). In Spain, Gómez-Arranz and Navarro-Blasco (2010) found levels higher than LOD (1.8 ng kg À1 ) in 8 out of 69 infant formulae, with a mean concentration of 3.1 ng kg À1 and a maximum concentration of 11.6 ng kg À1 .…”

Section: Occurrence Of Afm 1 and Otamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although we know that breast-feeding is best for babies, infant formula, most popular alternatives to breast-feeding, constitutes an important or often sole source of food for newborns and infants for the first months of life (Meucci, Razzuoli, Soldani, & Massart, 2010). Infants are a vulnerable part of the population due to, in part, their physiology, a fairly restricted diet and a higher consumption relative to their body (Alvito, Sizoo, Almeida, & van Egmond, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in baby formulae in Turkey: Occurrence and safety evaluation

Kabak

2012

Food Control

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Section: Occurrence Of Afm 1 and Otamentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Occurrence Of Afm 1 and Otamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in baby formulae in Turkey: Occurrence and safety evaluation

Kabak

2012

Food Control

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“…The techniques currently used to detect and quantify AFB 1 and AFM 1 include ELISA (Reddy et al, 2009;Yang et al, 2009), HPLC (Chen et al, 2005;Meucci et al, 2010), and HPLC-MS/MS (Ediage et al, 2011;Van Pamel et al, 2011). The HPLC-MS/MS-based method was selected in this work because AFB 1 and AFM 1 were detected in trace analyses.…”

Section: Methods Performance For Hplc-ms/msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with AFB<sub>1</sub> and AFB<sub>2</sub> on performance and aflatoxin residues in broilers

Yang¹,

Bai²,

Zhang³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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AFB 1 is the most abundant aflatoxin in food and animal feed, generally occurring along with low levels of other aflatoxins. In this experiment, broilers were administered corn that was naturally contaminated with AFB 1 and AFB 2 . We found that the broilers were more sensitive during the starter period and had a poor performance during the grower period. In addition, the broilers showed a significant reduction in feed intake when consuming material contaminated with 134.0 and 23.6 µg/kg of AFB 1 and AFB 2 , respectively. Our results also demonstrate that villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth significantly decreased when the broilers were fed daily with diets contaminated with AFB 1 and AFB 2 . Furthermore, AFB 1 residues in livers and breast muscles were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) at levels of 0.137 and 0.016 µg/kg, respectively. The AFM 1 residue was also detected in livers at a level of 0.051 µg/kg but it was not detectable in breast muscles. Keywords: mycotoxin; influence; poultry; HPLC-MS/MSMycotoxins are secondary toxic metabolites of filamentous fungi, which are harmful to human and animal health thus causing significant financial losses to animal industries (Hussein and Brasel, 2001;Wu and Munkvold, 2008;Zhang and Caupert, 2012). Aflatoxins (AF) naturally occur in moldy grains and are a group of metabolites produced by some strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The primary aflatoxins of concern in feedstuffs are aflatoxins B 1 (AFB 1 ), B 2 (AFB 2 ), G 1 (AFG 1 ), and G 2 (AFG 2 ) (Monbaliu et al., 2010). The order of toxicity is AFB 1 > AFG 1 > AFB 2 > AFG 2 .The legal limits of AFB 1 and AFT in total for several agricultural products have been established by the European Union (2−12 μg/kg for AFB 1 , 4-15 μg/kg for aflatoxins total (B1 + G1 + B2 + G2), and 0.05 μg/kg for AFM 1 in milk), but the value of aflatoxins in other animal products was not recommended (European Commission, 2010). AFB 1 is transformed into toxic metabolites primarily in the liver, and the metabolite of AFB 1 -8, 9-expoxide can form covalent bonds with DNA, RNA, and proteins, resulting in a potent carcinogenic effect (Swenson et al., 1977;Nomura et al.,

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“…Milk analysis was performed by the HPLC-FLD method according to Meucci et al (2010), slighty modified. Milk samples were previously skimmed by means of the addition of Celite (Sigma-Aldrich) and centrifugation at 1006 x g for 10 min.…”

Section: Determination Of Afm1 and Afm2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins M1 and M2 in the milk of donkeys fed with naturally contaminated diet

Tozzi

Liponi

Meucci

et al. 2016

Dairy Sci. & Technol.

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For its nutritional composition, donkey milk is an excellent alternative to breast milk for infants suffering from cow's milk allergies. Even in donkeys, a passage of aflatoxin from contaminated feed to milk could occur, as reported by many authors in other dairy species, but there are no studies on this topic. This work was aimed at studying the excretion of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and M2 (AFM2) in milk after feeding trials with contaminated feed. Six donkeys, at the end of lactation, received a diet with naturally contaminated corn containing 202 and 11 μg.kg −1 of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), respectively. Individual milk samples were analyzed for AFM1 and AFM2 for 15 days after the contaminated feed administration. Amounts of AFM1 and AFM2 were detected in the milk. The steady state condition was reached after 6 days. No AFM1 or AFM2 were detected in milk after 28 h from the last contaminated feed administration. The carryover from AFB1 to AFM1 and from AFB2 to AFM2 was found to be 0.02 and 0.31%, respectively. The results obtained in this study are thus a further step toward understanding the possible carryover of aflatoxin in donkey milk.

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Mycotoxin detection in infant formula milks in Italy

Cited by 74 publications

References 16 publications

Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in baby formulae in Turkey: Occurrence and safety evaluation

Aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in baby formulae in Turkey: Occurrence and safety evaluation

Effects of feeding corn naturally contaminated with AFB<sub>1</sub> and AFB<sub>2</sub> on performance and aflatoxin residues in broilers

Aflatoxins M1 and M2 in the milk of donkeys fed with naturally contaminated diet

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