Myelodysplastic syndrome with clonal karyotype evolution associated with trisomy 8 and ASXL1 mutation in well‐controlled HIV patient: Case report and literature review

Acute promyelocytic leukemia in a long-standing HIV-positive patient: Case report and literature review

“…Although the risk of myeloid malignancies is not substantially increased among people living with HIV, some cases have been described. Recently, our group reported a myelodysplastic syndrome evolved with clonal karyotype associated with trisomy 8 and ASXL1 mutation in a well-controlled HIV patient [7] . AML is identified in HIV-positive patients with a predominance of FAB M2, M4, and M5 subtypes [8] .…”

Dolutegravir-induced severe sideroblastic anemia

“…In the Philippines, sexual minorities face minority stress due to stigma and discrimination related to HIV, sexual orientation, and drug use, particularly in the context of ''chemsex'' [4,8]. Societal prejudices against sexual minority identities and drug use force individuals to conceal their identities and HIV status, amplifying mental health risks [2,4,9,10]. Additionally, negative attitudes toward drug use, notably crystal methamphetamine, heighten shame and fear among sexual minorities, further impeding healthcare access [2,11,12].…”

“…Dolutegravir, an integrase inhibitor (II), antiretroviral agent used as a combination in the antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV infection; known adverse effects are multiple, but to date, anemia has not been described as an undesirable effect of integrase inhibitors. Recent review of literature reported 24 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) secondary to HIV and/or ART [9], but dolutegravir has never been directly implicated in occurrence of cytopenia and MSD.…”

“…1), definitively excluding the role of lamivudine in the anemia presented by our patient. Previous studies also linked ART to hematopoietic precursor cell dysplastic abnormalities [9,11,12], but dolutegravir has never been cited as trigger of dysplasia.…”