Myocarditis After COVID‐19 Vaccination in Pediatrics: A Proposed Pathway for Triage and Treatment

Sandeep, Nefthi; Fairchok, Mary; Hasbani, Keren

doi:10.1161/jaha.122.026097

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Regarding COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis in pediatrics, NSAIDs were recommended as a first-line treatment option. Besides, IVIG and corticosteroids are recommended only in severe cases and should be avoided in cases that experienced clinical amelioration 48 hours after initiation of clinical manifestation or prescription of NSAIDs [69]. Additionally, some studies have reported that aspirin, betablocker, and ACE inhibitors are also used to treat these patients, and β-blockers and ACE inhibitors should be prescribed in cases with left ventricular systolic dysfunction [64].…”

Section: Covid-19 Vaccine-associated Myocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following the SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination

Afshar¹,

Liang²,

Habib³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Cardiac complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been well-identified since the beginning of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Such conditions can occur of various etiologies, such as respiratory failure and hypoxemia, direct cardiac tissue damage due to viral replication, indirect myocarditis as systemic inflammation, and the interaction of different medications. Recently, with the start of the COVID-19 vaccination programs, COVID-19 vaccine-associated cardiac adverse events (AEs) have emerged and are increasingly being reported. Although these AEs are usually mild and self-limited, they can sometimes cause severe, catastrophic outcomes. This review compares the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the de novo SARS-CoV-2 infection-related and COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis and pericarditis.

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Section: Covid-19 Vaccine-associated Myocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following the SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination

Afshar¹,

Liang²,

Habib³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, the number of patient cases of COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis can be significantly underestimated. Nevertheless, myocarditis in adolescents 13,121,125,207,208 and elderly 209 , as well as pericarditis or myopericarditis 13,210,211 , has been diagnosed clinically in many recipients of the various COVID-19 vaccines. Yu et al observed impaired LV and RV myocardial deformation and persistent late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in a subset of patients vaccinated against COVID-19 up to 1-year follow-up.…”

Section: Myocarditismentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 vaccine adverse events: Evaluating the pathophysiology from an undersulfated and degraded glycocalyx perspective

Preez,

Lin,

Maguire

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this literature review, we assess the pathophysiology of severe adverse events observed after vaccination with DNA and mRNA vaccines against COVID-19, despite reports of their overall effectiveness. The focus is on the perspective of an undersulfated and degraded glycocalyx, considering its impact on immunomodulation, inflammatory responses, coagulation, and oxidative stress. The paper explores various factors that lead to glutathione and inorganic sulfate depletion and their subsequent effect on glycocalyx sulfation and other metabolites, including hormones. Components of COVID-19 vaccines, such as DNA and mRNA material, spike protein antigen, and lipid nanoparticles, are involved in possible cytotoxic effects. The common thread connecting these adverse events is endotheliopathy or glycocalyx degradation caused by depleted glutathione and inorganic sulfate levels, shear stress from circulating nanoparticles, aggregation, and formation of protein coronas, leading to imbalanced immune responses and chronic release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ultimately resulting in oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. By understanding the underlying pathophysiology of severe adverse events, better treatment options can be explored.

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“…Sandeep et al 1 adopt a pragmatic approach to the detection and management of postvaccine myocarditis in children and adolescents. Their approach can be considered a 3‐part pathway.…”

Section: Detection Defining and Management Of Postvaccine ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the seemingly endless “unknown‐unknowns” that the COVID era has foisted on policy makers, public health, health care providers, researchers, and the public is the apparently novel cardiac disease identified in this issue of the Journal of the American Heart Association ( JAHA ) 1 as ”myocarditis after COVID‐19 vaccination,” elsewhere as ”postvaccine myocarditis,” and perhaps in the future along the lines of ”vaccine‐triggered, self‐limiting, acute autoimmune myocarditis.” This potentially serious complication has been associated with serious harm, arguably most prominently through promotion of vaccine hesitancy, another complex mechanism underlying COVID19‐mediated harm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine‐Triggered Acute Autoimmune Myocarditis: Defining, Detecting, and Managing an Apparently Novel Condition

Mohiddin

Guttmann

Marelli‐Berg

2022

JAHA

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Myocarditis After COVID‐19 Vaccination in Pediatrics: A Proposed Pathway for Triage and Treatment

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following the SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination

Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following the SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination

COVID-19 vaccine adverse events: Evaluating the pathophysiology from an undersulfated and degraded glycocalyx perspective

Vaccine‐Triggered Acute Autoimmune Myocarditis: Defining, Detecting, and Managing an Apparently Novel Condition

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