Myosin Heavy Chain Expression in Skeletal Muscle Autografts under Neural or Aneural Conditions

Kuzon, William M.; Harii, Kiyonori

doi:10.1006/jsre.1998.5271

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In each rat, the gracilis muscle (both the anterior and posterior gracilis muscles) was denervated by transection and harvest of 5 mm of the innervating nerve, while care was taken not to damage the nutrient vessels. The surgically denervated gracilis muscles, as well as those on the contralateral side, were removed at various time intervals (7,14,21, and 28 days). At least five rats were used for each group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Regenerating fibers" (myotubes) which are fibers newly formed by activated satellite cells fusing to each other were also seen in this study, but only rarely. Typical regenerating fibers (myotubes) are small to intermediate in size and are stained strongly positive for embryonic MHC [21]. Large fibers positive for embryonic MHC were identified and yet they were not thought to be regenerating fibers, but denervated original fibers under muscle adaptation.…”

Section: Regenerative Change Of Denervated Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large fibers positive for embryonic MHC were identified and yet they were not thought to be regenerating fibers, but denervated original fibers under muscle adaptation. Even in the presence of nerve, approximately 2 weeks is required for regenerating fibers to grow to mature size and lose embryonic MHC expression [21]. However, 1 or 2 weeks after denervation, most fibers expressing embryonic MHC are large in size, suggesting that they were denervated original fibers.…”

Section: Regenerative Change Of Denervated Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Regenerative Change during Muscle Adaptation to Denervation in Rats

Yoshimura¹,

Harii²

1999

Journal of Surgical Research

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The purpose of this study is to examine the cellular and molecular events coincident with muscle denervation, especially the regenerative changes seen following muscle denervation, the role of satellite cells in this process, and the possibility of apoptotic degeneration of myonuclei as a mechanism of myonuclei loss during muscle denervation atrophy. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression during muscle denervation was examined using pyrophosphate acrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry. DNA fragmentation (apoptosis) in myonuclei of denervated fibers was investigated using agarose gel electrophoresis, the TUNEL technique and ELISA for cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragmentation. Immunohistochemistry for MyoD and BrdU was also performed. Following muscle denervation, embryonic MHC, which is not expressed in adult healthy muscles, was expressed in some denervated fibers as well as in small activated satellite cells; maximal expression was observed 2 to 3 weeks after denervation. Activation and proliferation of satellite cells were observed, while few typical regenerating fibers were identified. It is speculated that most activated satellite cells fused to the denervated maternal fibers in order to repair them instead of fusing to each other to form new fibers as a mechanism that compensates for the atrophic changes after denervation. Although DNA ladder formation was not observed with agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragmentation was detected by the TUNEL technique and ELISA, suggesting that apoptotic degeneration contributes to the loss of myonuclei associated with denervation atrophy.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regenerative Change Of Denervated Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regenerative Change Of Denervated Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Regenerative Change during Muscle Adaptation to Denervation in Rats

Yoshimura¹,

Harii²

1999

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Additionally, MyoD protein antibody [21] (Novocastra Laboratories) was utilized in this study. The procedures of immunocytochemical staining were performed as previously described [22]. Presentation of data and statistical analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Clinically Transplanted Muscles

Harii

Asato

Yamada

1998

Journal of Surgical Research

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Backgrounds. Although a number of studies have examined the morphology and function of experimentally transplanted muscles, immunohistochemi-cal evaluation of clinically transplanted muscles has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to examine clinically transplanted muscles at long periods after transplantation with biochemical markers specific for satellite cell activation and muscle regeneration. Materials and Methods. Nine biopsies of muscles transplanted to the paralyzed face were examined. In five cases, the gracilis muscles were transplanted about 1 year after cross face nerve grafting. The other four cases underwent one-stage latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle transplantation. Twelve to 162 months after transplantation, muscle biopsies were harvested in nine cases. In eight cases, secondary corrections of facial expression including debulking of the grafted muscle were required, while another muscle was transplanted in one case because of the failed first operation. As control, six specimens of normal LDs were examined as well. Monoclonal an-tibodies were employed to visualize myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms (slow, fast, and embryonic) and MyoD protein. Results. Although one specimen exhibited only small, atrophic fibers indicating failed reinnervation, the remaining eight specimens showed regularly distributed fibers and type grouping indicating successful reinnervation. There was no statistically significant difference in fiber area and lesser diameter between normal LDs and transplanted LDs. However, even in these successfully reinnervated muscles, intermediate and small fibers expressing embryonic MHC and small cells expressing MyoD were observed, suggesting that satellite cells were activated for repair of the adjacent fibers. Conclusions. Muscle adaptation (presumably to dener-vation), which is a regenerative change accompanied by activation of satellite cells, was still seen even long periods after transplantation. It is concluded that, in micro-neurovascular human skeletal muscle transfers, there is a wide variation in the time required for reinnervation of individual muscle fibers, and it may be that human muscle fibers cannot be properly reinnervated after de-nervation has continued for a certain period such as 12 months.

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“…Much attention has focused on the regenerating slow muscle (soleus) and the influence of the nerve activity during muscle regeneration. It has been well demonstrated that the MyHC maturation (expression of mature MyHC) of regenerating soleus is altered by the absence of innervation or by nerve block (Whalen et al 1990;Devor & White, 1996;Midrio et al 1998;Schiaffino et al 1998;Yoshimira et al 1998). Fewer studies have investigated the effect of decreased muscular activity (mechanical load, physical exercise, etc.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%