Myricetin (3,3′,4′,5,5′,7-Hexahydroxyflavone) Prevents 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Abstract

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a strong anti-cancer drug used to manage numerous cancers. Cardiotoxicity, renal toxicity, and liver toxicity are some of the adverse effects which confine its clinical use to some extent. 5-FU-induced organ injuries are associated with redox imbalance, inflammation, and damage to heart functioning, particularly in the present study. Myricetin is an abundant flavonoid, commonly extracted from berries and herbs having anti-oxidative and anti-cancer activities. We planned the current work to explore the beneficial effects of myricetin against 5-FU-induced cardiac injury in Wistar rats through a biochemical and histological approach. Prophylactic myricetin treatment at two doses (25 and 50 mg/kg) was given to rats orally for 21 days against cardiac injury induced by a single injection of 5-FU (150 mg/kg b.wt.) given on the 20th day intraperitoneally. The 5-FU injection induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and extensive cardiac damage. Nevertheless, myricetin alleviated markers of inflammation, apoptosis, cardiac toxicity, oxidative stress, and upregulated anti-oxidative machinery. The histology of heart further supports our biochemical findings mitigated by the prophylactic treatment of myricetin. Henceforth, myricetin mitigates 5-FU-induced cardiac damage by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiacspecific markers, as found in the present study.

Zerumbone Protects Rats from Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Oxidative Outbursts and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels

“…However, after intake of zerumbone, the levels of inflammatory molecules were significantly reduced in the treatment groups. The findings of this study agree with previous reports. ,− Similar results have reported a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, PGE-2, and IL-10 in CIA animals as compared to healthy ones. − NF-κB is a key player in RA that initiates and exacerbates inflammation. − At the disease site, TNF-α triggers the synthesis of IL-6 and IL-1β by macrophages that further facilitates leukocyte infiltration and vasodilation . In this study, IL-10 levels were significantly increased in CIA animals compared to healthy ones, but the exact mechanisms of elevated release of this anti-inflammatory cytokine remain unclear.…”

“…The findings of this study agree with previous reports. 65 , 70 − 73 Similar results have reported a significant increase in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, PGE-2, and IL-10 in CIA animals as compared to healthy ones. 74 − 79 NF-κB is a key player in RA that initiates and exacerbates inflammation.…”

“…In the present study, a significant decrease in the GR and GSH activity in the CIA group was found compared to the control group; however, after the zerumbone administration, the levels were enhanced in treatment groups. Previous research studies have reported similar findings. − The decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activity could be due to enzymatic inhibition and saturation of antioxidant enzyme systems.…”

“…LDH is an enzyme that is present in every tissue and converts sugar into energy to be used by cells. Arafah et al have reported similar findings. In the present study, an increased concentration of LDH might be associated with myocardial infarction or cardiac injury and therefore gets released into the bloodstream.…”

Highly sensitive electrochemical detection of myricetin in food samples based on the enhancement effect of Al-MOFs

“…Myricetin (MYR) is a flavonoid that can be found extensively in a variety of foods, including berries, tea, fruits, vegetables, and herbs. 1,2 Benefiting from anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-aging, and cytoprotective pharmacological activities, MYR is widely used in medicine, food, and health care products. 3–7 However, according to earlier research, excessive MYR consumption could result in pulmonary fibrosis because of its low bioavailability.…”