Myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract abrogates chronic alcohol consumption-induced erythrocytes osmotic stability disturbance, haematological and biochemical toxicity

Abstract

BackgroundThis study examined the effects of chronic alcohol consumption in the rat erythrocytes membrane as well as the involvement of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines in its pathogenicity in rats and evaluated the ameliorating effects of myrtle berries seeds aqueous extract (MBSAE).MethodsFifty adult male Wistar rats were equally divided into five groups and treated daily for two months as follows: control, ethanol (3 g kg− 1 b.w., p.o.), and ethanol + MBSAE (25, 50 and 100 mg kg− 1, b.w., p.o.).ResultsExposure of rats to alcohol caused significant changes of some haematological parameters, enhanced erythrocytes hemolysis as well as an overproduction of reactive oxygen species such as H2O2, OH• radical and superoxide anion, hence the increase of lipoperoxidation and the depletion of antioxidant enzymes activity as well as non-enzymatic antioxidant (-SH groups and GSH) levels. On the other hand, ethanol intoxication caused the increase of serum TNFα, IL-8, IL-6 and 1Lβ, markers of tissue inflammation. However, treatment with MBSAE alleviated all the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption.ConclusionsMBSAE possess active compounds, which exert marked protective effects in chronic alcohol intoxication, possibly by regulating the erythrocytes osmotic stability as well as antioxidant and inflammatory mediators.

Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) berries, seeds, leaves, and essential oils: New undiscovered sources of natural compounds with promising health benefits

“…On one side, myrtle plant extracts (10 ml/kg corresponding to 1/10 of the lethal dose) played a modest anti‐inflammatory activities compared to other plant extracts in rats with carrageenan‐induced edema (Al‐Hindawi et al., 1989); on the other side, myrtle leaves extracts (different concentrations 2.5 hr or 7 days) have been shown to protect albino mice stressed with xylene against acute and chronic inflammation (Hosseinzadeh et al., 2011). Finally, in the latter study, seeds extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg for 2 months) decreased the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)‐8, IL‐6, and IL‐1β, and the erythrocyte concentrations of ROS and lipid peroxidation, and increased the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes in rats intoxicated with ethanol (Jabri et al., 2018b).…”

“…Therefore, the use of natural antioxidants able to counteract the levels of free radicals, thus reducing both inflammation and oxidative stress, could represent a strategic tool to prevent several human pathologies. To the best of our knowledge, only three studies focused on the anti‐inflammatory effects of myrtle extracts (Al‐Hindawi, Al‐Deen, Nabi, & Ismail, 1989; Hosseinzadeh, Khoshdel, & Ghorbani, 2011; Jabri et al., 2018b) (Table 6). On one side, myrtle plant extracts (10 ml/kg corresponding to 1/10 of the lethal dose) played a modest anti‐inflammatory activities compared to other plant extracts in rats with carrageenan‐induced edema (Al‐Hindawi et al., 1989); on the other side, myrtle leaves extracts (different concentrations 2.5 hr or 7 days) have been shown to protect albino mice stressed with xylene against acute and chronic inflammation (Hosseinzadeh et al., 2011).…”

“…Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world, with 16.9 million diagnosed people in 2019 and 22.1 million expected in 2030 (Miller et al, 2019). In the last years, many studies have shown a strong correlation between a diet rich in vegetable foods, including berries, and a lower risk to develop different kinds of tumor (Battino et al, 2019;Chen, Yang, Fan, & Deng, 2020;Grosso et al, 2013;Pan et al, 2020;Papandreou et al, 2019 Jabri et al, 2018b mutagenesis in a dose-dependent manner (Mimica-Dukić et al, 2010), whereas, in human chronic myelogenous leukemia, myricetin 3-Ogalactoside and myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside (different concentrations), extracted from myrtle leaves, played similar effects, decreasing the mutagenicity induced by nifuroxazide, aflatoxin-B1, and hydrogen peroxide, by modulating the expression of several genes involved in apoptosis, DNA repair, and oxidative stress (Hayder et al, 2008). Similarly, myrtucommulone extracted from myrtle leaves promoted apoptotic cell death, by activating caspases, inducing the cleavage of poly (ADPribose) polymerase, the release of nucleosomes, the fragmentation of DNA, and the mitochondrial membrane potential loss in different type of cancer cells (Tretiakova et al, 2008).…”

“…The most representative are unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic (18:2 n 6c) and oleic (8:1 n 9c) acids, whereas palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids are the most abundant fatty acids of the saturated fraction (Aidi Wannes et al., 2010; Correddu et al., 2019; Jabri et al., 2017, 2018a; Messaoud & Boussaid, 2011; Şan et al., 2015; Serce, Ercisli, Sengul, Gunduz, & Orhan, 2010; Sumbul et al., 2011). The presence of these polyunsaturated n ‐3 fatty acids is very important because they confer to myrtle its anti‐inflammatory potential, because they inhibit the production of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid, as well as the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, TNF‐α, and several interleukins that promote inflammation (Jabri, Marzouki, & Sebai, 2018b).…”

Proteins of allogeneic hepatocytes and pharmacological preparations for the correction of immunometabolic disorders in experimental liver pathology

“…In comparison with progenitor cells and stem cells, hepatocyte cultures have a very limited ability to divide, which is a serious limiting factor for their practical use, but under stressful conditions (including acute liver damage), they fall into hyperplasia and acquire the ability to actively reproduce. The given property of hepatocytes has provided the basis for their use in the processes of liver diseases recovery (Gandillet et al 2005, Jabri et al 2018, Evseeva et al 2021.…”