N-Doped Carbon Nanorods from Biomass as a Potential Antidiabetic Nanomedicine

Abstract

Insufficient glucose control remains a critical challenge for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with currently used therapeutic drugs, which can also have detrimental side effects. The facile synthesis of nitrogendoped carbon nanorods (N-CNRs) as therapeutic agents in a T2DM transgenic db/db mouse model is reported herein. N-CNRs are synthesized from silkworm powder without the assistance of any template and possess a hollow graphitic nature, rough surface, and good aqueous solubility, which make them ideal candidates for fabricating nanomedicines. N-CNRs are employed to reduce fasting blood glucose and ameliorate serum biomarker levels linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. Interestingly, through the downregulation of enhanced expression of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase as well as inflammatory responses, N-CNRs reverse pancreatic dysfunction and normalize the secretory functions of pancreatic cells. Moreover, hepatic steatosis is attenuated by downregulating lipogenesis and increasing fatty acid oxidation. This finding may help in designing novel therapeutics for T2DM treatment.

Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived from Microcrystalline Cellulose for Selective Removal of Janus Green Azo Dye

“…The MCC shows characteristic peaks at ∼3300 cm –1 corresponding to intra- and inter-vibrations of −OH groups. The peak at ∼2900 cm –1 corresponds to the −CH stretching of the aliphatic saturated chain present in the glucose units, that at ∼1640 cm –1 corresponds to the −OH bending vibration of the adsorbed water due to the interaction between cellulose and water, and that at ∼1080 cm –1 arises due to the −C–O–C– linkage by the β-glucosidic linkages of the glucose ring . Along with all of the above peaks in MCC, one additional band is also visible in the CNC samples at ∼812–815 cm –1 , indicating the presence of sulfate half-ester −C 6 –O–SO 3 H or −C–O–S on the CNC surfaces .…”

Cost-Effective and Ecologically Sustainable Carbon Nano-Onions for Antibiotic Removal from Wastewater

“…The Raman spectrum in Figure c shows D and G bands centered at 1336.29 and 1579.79 cm –1, respectively. The D band occurred due to the presence of structural defects in the sp 2 lattice, and G band appeared because of the E 2g vibrations of the aromatic carbon . The intensity ratio of I D / I G (the ratio of area under the D band peak and G band peak) provides information about the degree of graphitization of carbon nanomaterials …”

Nanocarbon-based sensors for the structural health monitoring of smart biocomposites

“…69 In addition, the production methods may have lower energy requirements compared to traditional methods, contributing to reduced environmental impact. [70][71][72][73] Sustainable nanocarbons can be easily tailored based on the specific features of the biomass source, providing a precise control over the material's properties. [74][75][76] This review article presents the latest progress of the burgeoning field of nanocarbon-based sensors and their transformative impact on the SHM of smart biocomposites.…”