N2O emissions from fluidised bed combustion. The effect of fuel characteristics and operating conditions☆

Armesto, L.; Boerrigter, Harold; Bahillo, A.; Otero, J.

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(03)00169-8

Cited by 56 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These observations agree well with other studies of several authors that used EFR and temperature programmed trials to study the behavior of coals, maceral concentrates and their chars. Armesto et al, (2003), also included the Colombian coal in their FBC studies and reach to similar results. Crelling et al (1993) concluded that variations both in lithotype and maceral composition gave rise to large variations in nitrogen content, char morphology and reactivity, i.e., that although the nitrogen content decreased in the order: vitrinite N semifusinite N inertinite, the conversion of the coal and char nitrogen to NO showed the reverse order: fusinite N semifusinite N vitrinite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Combustion studies in a fluidised bed—The link between temperature, NOx and N2O formation, char morphology and coal type

Valentim

Sousa

Abelha

et al. 2006

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Five commercially available high volatile bituminous coals from different origins were studied with the objective of characterizing their petrographic nature with respect to emissions of NO x and N 2 O. The chars produced [at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1000°C] from these coals were also petrographically analyzed to assess the contribution of char to NO x and N 2 O formation during combustion.Vitrinite-rich coals produced higher porous chars (cenospheres and tenuinetworks) than those that are rich in inertinite. The former coals were, however, found to release lower concentrations of NO.Consistent with previous works, N 2 O emissions were observed to decrease significantly with temperature, however, on the whole, the N 2 O emissions from vitrinite-rich high volatile coals were less than those from inertinite-rich coals. Additionally, high porous chars were found to give rise to lower emissions of NO and N 2 O.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Combustion studies in a fluidised bed—The link between temperature, NOx and N2O formation, char morphology and coal type

Valentim

Sousa

Abelha

et al. 2006

International Journal of Coal Geology

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“…Reduction of N 2 O can be achieved by increasing the volatile content of the fuel, air staging, NH 3 injection and sorbent addition (e.g. limestone) [3,55,57,58].…”

Section: Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of fluidized bed combustion—An overview of trends, performance and cost

Koornneef

Junginger

Faaij

2007

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

291

127

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The goal of this article is to chart and analyse the development and economical performance of fluidized bed combustion (FBC) and its derivates circulating fluidized bed (CFB) and bubbling fluidized bed (BFB). A descriptive overview is given of the technology and the market penetration is discussed. To make further analysis possible a database is constructed. This database comprises technological and economical data on 491 FBC projects. Analysis of these projects shows that the technology variants (CFB and BFB) diffused differently over time. Drivers, which influenced the market diffusion and technological development are market regulation, environmental legislation and RD&D programs. Important drivers for FBC technology are fuel availability, required applications in the market, innovation spill over and competing technologies. In this article technical characteristics are charted, which show improvements in fuel diversification, technical availability, efficiency and emissions. In terms of economical performance the results show a decline in specific investment cost. Finally, the effect of technological learning and experience on the economical performance of FBC technology is analysed using the experience curve method and theory on economies of scale. A problem with applying the experience curve method is that it is not used often for large power plants like FBC plants and with it lacking a methodological standard. A method is therefore suggested. The analyses yielded progress ratios (PR) from 0.42 to 0.93 for different groups of projects (new plant, repower, retrofit, add-on and conversion) and different parts of the capital breakdown (total project price, engineering, procurement and construction price and boiler price). This means that the specific investment prices (in $/kWe) decline with, respectively, 58% and 7% with every doubling of cumulative installed capacity (in MWe). The progress ratio found for new FBC plants lies between 0.90 and 0.93. These values correspond with the average PR of 0.90 found for power plants in the literature. Further results show that economies of scale have a significant influence on the investment price. Scale factors are found in the range of 0.62-0.81 for different groups of projects. According to these scale factors specific investment price decreases, respectively, between 25% and 12% with every doubling of plant capacity (in MWe).

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“…(less than 10 ppm), it has becomes a serious problem that may represent an obstacle for the development of CFB boilers [2,3].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Heterogeneous N2O Decomposition with Ash and Biomass Gasification Gas

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2011

Energies

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Abstract:In this paper, the promoting effects of ash and biomass gas reburning on N 2 O decomposition were investigated based on a fluidized bed reactor, with the assessment of the influence of O 2 on N 2 O decomposition with circulating ashes. Experimental results show that different metal oxides contained in ash play distinct roles in the process of N 2 O decomposition with biomass gas reburning. Compared with other components in ash, CaO is proven to be very active and has the greatest promoting impact on N 2 O decomposition. It is also found that O 2 , even in small amounts, can weaken the promoting effect of ash on N 2 O decomposition by using biomass gas reburning.

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N2O emissions from fluidised bed combustion. The effect of fuel characteristics and operating conditions☆

Cited by 56 publications

References 9 publications

Combustion studies in a fluidised bed—The link between temperature, NOx and N2O formation, char morphology and coal type

Combustion studies in a fluidised bed—The link between temperature, NOx and N2O formation, char morphology and coal type

Development of fluidized bed combustion—An overview of trends, performance and cost

Experimental Research on Heterogeneous N2O Decomposition with Ash and Biomass Gasification Gas

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