“…A subject of topical interest is the involvement of CHH in ionoregulatory processes (Charmantier-Daures et al, 1994;Charmantier et al, 1999;Chung et al, 1999;Townsend et al, 2001;Serrano et al, 2003;Chung and Webster, 2006). Whilst it is known that sinus gland extracts cause rapid and reversible changes in transepithelial potentials, and Na + transport in isolated perfused gills of Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Spanings-Pierrot et al, 2000), the precise mechanisms regulated by CHH in crustacean gill tissues remain poorly investigated, despite our extensive knowledge of branchial membrane exchangers and pumps (Lucu, 1990;Onken et al, 1991;Onken and Putzenlechner, 1995;Lucu and Towle, 2003;Weihrauch et al, 2004;Tsai and Lin, 2007;Masui et al, 2008). Additionally, because the insect equivalent of CHH-ion transport peptide (ITP) has long been known to stimulate water uptake in the locust hindgut by opening Cl -channels (Phillips and Audsley, 1995;Phillips et al, 1998), it is surprising that the ionoregulatory processes controlled by CHH have not attracted further interest.…”