Na2ZrCl6 enabling highly stable 3 V all-solid-state Na-ion batteries

Kwak, Hiram; Lyoo, Jeyne; Park, Juhyoun; Han, Yoonjae; Asakura, Ryo; Remhof, Arndt; Battaglia, Corsin; Kim, Hansu; Hong, Seung‐Tae; Jung, Yoon Seok

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2021.01.026

Cited by 81 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Na + halide SEs have different structural features compared to their Li + counterparts. Li 2 ZrCl 6 and Na 2 ZrCl 6 exhibit highly distinctive structures. , While the ccp monoclinic structure of Li 2 ZrCl 6 is due to the small ionic radius of Zr 4+ , the hcp trigonal structure for Na 2 ZrCl 6 can be explained by the larger ionic radius of Na + (crystal ionic radius of 116 pm; hereafter, all the shown ionic radius values are the crystal ionic radii) than that of Li + (90 pm). Na + halide SEs are reviewed in the section “Na + Analogues of Halide SEs”.…”

Section: Structure and Ionic Conductivity Of Halide Sesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications

et al. 2022

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Recently, halide superionic conductors have emerged as promising solid electrolyte (SE) materials for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), owing to their inherent properties combining high Li + conductivity, good chemical and electrochemical oxidation stabilities, and mechanical deformability, compared to sulfide or oxide SEs. In this Review, recent advances in halide Li + -and Na + -conducting SEs are comprehensively summarized. After introducing the ionic diffusion mechanism and related governing factors of the crystal structures, we discuss the design strategies, such as the substitution and synthesis protocols, of the halide materials for further improving their properties. We review theoretical and experimental results on electrochemical stabilities and compatibilities with electrode materials. Moreover, we offer a critical assessment of the challenges and issues associated with the development of practical ASSB applications, such as cost considerations, stabilities in atmospheric air, aqueous solutions, and slurryprocessing, and the wet-slurry or dry fabrication of sheet-type electrodes (or SE membranes) for large-format ASSBs. Based on these discussions, we provide a perspective on the future research directions of halide SEs, emphasizing the need for expanding the materials space.

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Section: Structure and Ionic Conductivity Of Halide Sesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications

et al. 2022

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“…Until now, various halide SSEs have been synthesized, spanning from fluorides to iodines, such as Li 3 AlF 6 ( 31 , 32 ), Li 3 GaF 6 ( 33 ), Li 3 InCl 6 ( 24 , 25 ), Li 3 ScCl 6 ( 34 ), spinel LiSc 2/3 Cl 4 ( 35 ), Li 3 ErCl 6 ( 36 ), Li 3 YCl 6 ( 37 , 38 ), Li 3 HoCl 6 ( 39 ), Li 3 YBr 6 ( 40 – 42 ), Li 3 HoBr 6 ( 43 ), Li 3 InBr 6 ( 44 ), Li 2 ZrCl 6 ( 45 ), Li 3− x M 1− x Zr x Cl 6 (M = Y, Er, Yb, and Fe) ( 29 , 45 – 49 ), Li 3 LaI 6 ( 50 ), and Li 3 ErI 6 ( 51 ). In parallel, halide Na-ion counterparts have also been developed ( 52 , 53 ), some of which include Na 2 ZrCl 6 ( 54 ), Na 3− x Er 1− x Zr x Cl 6 ( 55 ), and Na 3− x Y 1− x Zr x Cl 6 ( 56 ). Apart from the advances made at the material level, promising electrochemical performance based on halide SSEs has also been broadly reported ( 57 ), such as ultralong cycling stability ( 15 ), high areal capacity ( 15 ), and high-voltage operation ( 47 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of halide-based all-solid-state batteries: From material design to practical application

et al. 2022

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The safety of lithium-ion batteries has caused notable concerns about their widespread adoption in electric vehicles. A nascent but promising approach to enhancing battery safety is using solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) to develop all-solid-state batteries, which exhibit unrivaled safety and superior energy density. A new family of SSEs based on halogen chemistry has recently gained renewed interest because of their high ionic conductivity, high-voltage stability, good deformability, and cost-effective and scalable synthesis routes. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of halide SSEs concerning their crystal structures, ion transport kinetics, and viability for mass production. Furthermore, their moisture sensitivity and interfacial challenges are summarized with corresponding effective strategies. Last, halide-based all-solid-state Li-ion and Li-S pouch cells with energy density targets of 400 and 500 Wh kg −1 are projected to guide future endeavors. This work serves as a comprehensive guideline for developing halide SSEs from material design to practical application.

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“…134 The NaCrO 2 / Na 2 ZrCl 6 /Na−Sn full cell displayed a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 93.1% and a high reversible capacity of 111 mA h g −1 at 0.1C and 30 °C, and the Coulombic efficiency and retention capacity reached 98.4% and 123 mA h g −1 at 60 °C. 134 Meanwhile, Zhang et al reported a Br-doped Na 3 SbS 4 (NAS) solid electrolyte with a low activation energy of 0.12 eV. 135 The full cell, TiS 2 |NAS-Br2.1| Na 15 Sn 4 , was tested at room temperature with a C/10 charge and discharge rate and cycled between 1.0 and 2.8 V. 135 The first charge and second discharge capacities of the full cell were 225 mA h g −1 , which was similar to the reaction capacity of the cathode (Figure 17d).…”

Section: Solid-state Lithium-ion Batterymentioning

confidence: 94%

Solid Li- and Na-Ion Electrolytes for Next Generation Rechargeable Batteries

Thangadurai

Chen

2022

Chem. Mater.

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We dedicate this paper to Prof. John B. Goodenough's 100th birthday, who has made several seminal contributions to the modern electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies that made significant social and economic impacts on humankind. This review paper reports two battery systems that he contributed in the early stage of solid-state ionics (SSIs). The development of advanced Li and or Na batteries based on solid-state (ceramic) electrolytes (SSEs) is being focused on because of their safety, high energy density, and design flexibility for high power and energy density applications. Several SSEs exhibit a higher electrochemical stability window, enabling various high voltage cathodes to improve the power density compared to organic liquid electrolytes-based batteries (except for sulfide-based electrolytes). However, most SSEs have lower (at least an order of magnitude) ionic conductivity and poor interface compatibility compared to liquid electrolytes. Attempts have been made to improve the ionic conductivity and interface of SSEs and electrodes and develop hybrid solid electrolytes with improved ionic conductivity and stability with an elemental anode and high voltage cathodes. Here, we discuss the materials aspects of SSEs and hybrid SSEs for next-generation Li and Na batteries. Various solid-state electrolytes, including hydride-type, silicates, LISICONs, NASICON-type oxides, glassy-type oxides, covalent organic frameworks, perovskitetype oxides, antiperovskites, Li-stuffed garnet-related structure oxides, and metal halides have been developed. The chemical composition−structure−ionic conductivity relationship of several key SSEs and the ion transport mechanism have been discussed in this study. Moreover, interfacial engineering methods for some typical SSEs and battery applications have also been discussed.

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Na2ZrCl6 enabling highly stable 3 V all-solid-state Na-ion batteries

Cited by 81 publications

References 71 publications

Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications

Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries: Design, Synthesis, and Practical Applications

Prospects of halide-based all-solid-state batteries: From material design to practical application

Solid Li- and Na-Ion Electrolytes for Next Generation Rechargeable Batteries

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