Our previous work has demonstrated a dose‐dependent induction of striatal
preprodynorphin (PPD) in response to a single injection of the psychostimulants amphetamine
(AMPH) or methamphetamine (METH). In the present study, dose‐response effects of acute
administration of these stimulants on preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA expression in the rat
striatum were investigated with quantitative in situ hybridization histochemistry 3 h after
injection. Acute AMPH or METH at equimolar doses (3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 μmol/kg)
significantly increased PPE mRNA expression in dorsal (caudoputamen), but not ventral
(nucleus accumbens), striatum in a dose‐dependent fashion. In addition, the role of
D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in mediating AMPH‐ and
METH‐stimulated PPE and PPD expression was also evaluated by using subtype‐specific
antagonists. Pretreatment of rats with SCH 23390 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), a selective
D1 receptor antagonist, completely blocked acute AMPH (21 μmol/kg,
i.p.)‐ or METH (21 μmol/kg, i.p.)‐induced PPE as well as PPD mRNA expression in the
caudoputamen. Pretreatment with eticlopride (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a selective D2
receptor antagonist, also blocked PPD induction by the two stimulants, but PPE induction was
unaffected. Furthermore, SCH 23390 decreased, and eticlopride elevated, constitutive PPE
mRNA levels in the caudoputamen. Neither antagonist had a significant effect on the basal
level of PPE or PPD mRNA in the nucleus accumbens. These results demonstrate a clear
dose‐related responsiveness of PPE gene expression in striatal neurons in response to acute
administration of amphetamines, although the intensity of the response is far less than that for
striatal PPD. Furthermore, both D1 and D2 subtypes of dopamine
receptors mediate AMPH‐ and METH‐stimulated striatal PPD mRNA expression, whereas
D1 receptor activation alone mediates amphetamine‐stimulated PPE mRNA
expression in the rat striatum. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.