Naming and Praising in Humanitarian Norm Development

Petrova, Margarita H.

doi:10.1017/s004388711800031x

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…As illustrated in Chapter 5, on social media, third sector actors are norm leaders, or norm entrepreneurs. They use tactics like "altercasting" to project roles onto the targets of their normative campaigns (Petrova, 2019), or use the reverse panda effect I described in Chapter 5 to evoke outrage among their audiences that is directed at a particular target. In the Nestle Waters case study, this was a deliberate framing exercise that was designed to sway public opinion and societal norms concerning water taking by water bottling companies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Finnemore and Sikkink, Sunstein (1996), and others (e.g., Petrova, 2019) have noted, like most behavioural phenomena grounded in emotion, normative processes are notoriously difficult to quantify. Sunstein (1996) has observed that "many important and well-known anomalies in human behavior are best explained by reference to social norms and to the fact that people feel shame when they violate those norms."…”

Section: Characterizing Norm Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors do note that what constitutes a critical mass of state support varies case-by-case Petrova (2019). does offer an estimate of international state support needed to reach a norm tipping point in her article…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of Social Media Use for Environmental Norm Development: An Exploration of an Emerging Multi-Actor Regulatory Governance Normative Process

Martin

2023

Preprint

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<p>This dissertation posits that social media platforms (e.g., Twitter and Facebook) represent a new process and fora for the development and implementation of norms that regulate environmental behaviour, with unique characteristics, strengths, and weaknesses, when compared with conventional processes and fora for regulatory activity and codified norm development, such as state-based legislative assemblies and non-state standards bodies. Distinctive features of social media platforms affect user interactions and experiences, which in turn impact how environmental norm conversations take place on those platforms, as opposed to norm conversations that take place through legislatures or formal standards processes. In addition, distinctive characteristics of public sector, private sector, and civil society actors affect how they use social media in development of environmental norms. This research hypothesizes that the way in which social media is used to formulate environmental norms and the importance of social media as a venue for environmental norm conversations varies, depending in large part on distinctive characteristics of the governance actors (i.e., government, third sector actors, and the private sector) and their societal roles, interacting with the distinctive characteristics of social media. In addition to a cross-disciplinary review of scholarly literature, this dissertation explores the veracity of this hypothesis using two investigations; one that compares the use of Twitter by two Ontario government agencies, and a second case study that explores of a Twitter micronorm conversation about the groundwater operations of the water bottling industry in Ontario and other jurisdictions. </p>

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizing Norm Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Investigation of Social Media Use for Environmental Norm Development: An Exploration of an Emerging Multi-Actor Regulatory Governance Normative Process

Martin

2023

Preprint

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“…The literature on regime shifting (Helfer 2004), contested multilateralism (Morse and Keohane 2014), and regime complexity (Alter and Meunier 2009;Alter and Raustiala 2018) suggests a course of action permitting strengthening the disarmament regime through the TPNW despite possible nuclear weapon states' opposition. Ironically, this initial nuclear weapon state opposition to the TPNW over time may serve to strengthen both the treaty and the disarmament regime (Petrova 2019). This involves TPNW member states creating new institutional elements to develop, advance and entrench treaty goals, policies and practices, which would complement existing instruments and structures, encourage innovation, and increase the likelihood of identifying possible implementation and verification challenges and finding solutions by the time they may be needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fit for Purpose: An Evolutionary Strategy for the Implementation and Verification of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons

Patton

Philippe

Миан

2019

Journal for Peace and Nuclear Disarmament

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The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons requires States Parties to designate a "competent international authority or authorities" for negotiating and verifying the irreversible elimination of nuclear-weapons programs. Ensuring that such an authority or authorities is able to be fit for purpose when required to meet these tasks will be crucial for both the future implementation and legitimacy of the Treaty. To address this challenge, this article proposes the early creation of a two-part organizational structure, comprising an implementation support unit and a dedicated scientific and technical advisory body, to begin the process of institutionalizing the treaty, and build the technical basis for meeting its verification goals should a nuclear-weapon-possessing state decide to join. The article then discusses how such two-part structure could be scaled-up as a standing international organization tasked with the coordination of an ad hoc inspectorate, which would also cooperate and complement the work of existing nuclear verification organizations, such as the International Atomic Energy Agency. This evolutionary and adaptive strategy to institution building could empower the new Treaty by supporting the emergence of a new regime complex for nuclear disarmament, while taking into account the initially limited financial and technical resources of its member states.

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“…Alcade, 2014;Bolton and Nash, 2010;Bower, 2015;Garcia, 2015;Price, 1998;Rutherford, 2000Rutherford, , 2011. Some studies belonging to this literature also uncover additional and more specific aspects of these normative changes (Petrova, 2019;Rosert, 2019aRosert, , 2019b. Overall, the constructivist research on ICW treaties offers a compelling explanation for the creation of these treaties, as well as for the changes in the practices of states related to ICWs, and yet the global socialization processes cannot satisfactorily account for the variation among states in ratification of the ICW treaties.…”

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confidence: 99%

State commitments and inhumane conventional weapons: An explanatory analysis of treaty ratification

Karlas¹

2022

Cooperation and Conflict

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In the last 40 years, the international community has made considerable progress towards the regulation of inhumane conventional weapons (ICWs) by adopting treaties that regulate or ban these weapons. However, many states have still not joined these treaties or have joined them with a considerable delay. These ratification decisions cannot be satisfactorily explained by the existing literature on the origin of ICW treaties, which stress the role of global socialization processes. This article offers a theoretical argument that explains state decisions on the ratification of ICW treaties. It argues that while democracies and countries located in regions with high ratification rates are prone to ratify ICW treaties, an insecure external environment impedes or delays ratification. The argument also claims that security costs resulting from the characteristics of the individual treaties can modify the effects of these explanatory factors. To provide an empirical test for the argument, the article conducts a survival analysis that covers the ratification processes of the three existing ICW treaties.

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Naming and Praising in Humanitarian Norm Development

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

An Investigation of Social Media Use for Environmental Norm Development: An Exploration of an Emerging Multi-Actor Regulatory Governance Normative Process

An Investigation of Social Media Use for Environmental Norm Development: An Exploration of an Emerging Multi-Actor Regulatory Governance Normative Process

Fit for Purpose: An Evolutionary Strategy for the Implementation and Verification of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons

State commitments and inhumane conventional weapons: An explanatory analysis of treaty ratification

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