Nano aluminum-based hybrid flocculant: Synthesis, characterization, application in mine drainage, flocculation mechanism

Preparation of a Lignin-Based Cationic Flocculant and Its Application in Kaolin Suspension Treatment

“…Figure 2 shows the FTIR spectra of AL, AM, MAPTAC, and AL-g-PAMA. Compared to the FTIR spectrum of AL, that of AL-g-PAMA showed an amino group (N-H) stretching vibrational peak at 3196 cm −1 that was not present before grafting; this amino group was attributed to the introduction of the amide group (–NH 2 ) in AM [ 25 ]. The absorption peak at 2935 cm −1 corresponded to the asymmetric stretching vibration of the hypomethyl group (–CH 2 ) [ 26 ].…”

“…The SEM images demonstrated that AL-g-PAMA had a large specific surface area, increasing the possibility that it would make contact with kaolin particles. This feature somewhat enhanced the netting and sweeping effect of AL-g-PAMA on the suspended particles; therefore, the generated flocs could settle quickly [ 25 , 31 ].…”

Synthesis of chitosan-based flocculant by dielectric barrier discharge modification and its flocculation performance in wastewater treatment

“…The charge property of the occulant has an important inuence on the occulation effect and mechanism. 58 Studies show that the change of zeta potential means the occulation dominated by general charge neutralization or adsorption bridging. 59 Fig.…”

Coal gasification crude slag based complex flocculants by two-step acid leaching process: synthesis, flocculation and mechanisms

“… 63 The flocs after flocculation showed a floc cross-linking structure, which further also indicated that the presence of adsorption bridging and precipitation net trapping causes the particles to interact with each other and eventually agglomerate and sink. 50 …”

“…48 Furthermore, the treatment efficiency of turbidity of PAFAC was compared with other occulants reported in the previous research. 21,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55] As shown in Table 4, it could be found that PAFAC was feasible for the synthesis of occulant, which showed good performance for the removal of turbidity.…”