Nano‐biotechnology in tumour and cancerous disease: A perspective review

Abstract

In recent years, drug manufacturers and researchers have begun to consider the nanobiotechnology approach to improve the drug delivery system for tumour and cancer diseases. In this article, we review current strategies to improve tumour and cancer drug delivery, which mainly focuses on sustaining biocompatibility, biodistribution, and active targeting. The conventional therapy using cornerstone drugs such as fludarabine, cisplatin etoposide, and paclitaxel has its own challenges especially not being able to discriminate between tumour versus normal cells which eventually led to toxicity and side effects in the patients. In contrast to the conventional approach, nanoparticle-based drug delivery provides target-specific delivery and controlled release of the drug, which provides a better therapeutic window for treatment options by focusing on the eradication of diseased cells via active targeting and sparing normal cells via passive targeting. Additionally, treatment of tumours associated with the brain is hampered by the impermeability of the blood-brain barriers to the drugs, which eventually led to poor survival in the patients. Nanoparticle-based therapy offers superior delivery of drugs to the target by breaching the blood-brain barriers. Herein, we provide an overview of the properties of nanoparticles that are crucial for nanotechnology applications. We address the potential future applications

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“… 29,30 Reports also have shown that smaller nanoparticles can extravasate more easily through leaky tumor vasculature and penetrate deeper into tissues, increasing their chances of encountering cancer cells. 31,32 We speculate that the novel NA with a size range of less than 100 nm will have a higher cellular uptake rate, enhanced permeability, and retention effect as previously reported by various nanosystems. Since NA are stable at acidic pH, they can resist the acidic environment of endosomes preventing premature drug release and ensure that the cargo reaches the cytoplasm where the drug can exert its therapeutic effect with less concentration, thus reducing drastic side effects.…”

An Insight into Advances in Developing Nanotechnology Based Therapeutics, Drug Delivery, Diagnostics and Vaccines: Multidimensional Applications in Tuberculosis Disease Management

“…Furthermore, there are only a few compounds for pulmonary administration on the existing list of pharmaceutical additives [260]. Many other researchers have also reviewed the nano-TB options for treatment, providing a deep overview of the knowledge and technologies available [261][262][263][264][265].…”

Sonlu Cisimler Üzerinde Golay ve Hammıng Kodları

“…Nanoscale materials and structures can be engineered to interact with biological systems at the molecular level, enabling targeted drug delivery, sensitive diagnostic methods, and precise imaging techniques. Nanobiotechnology has the potential to revolutionize healthcare, environmental monitoring, and energy production (Maurya, Mukherjee, & Ranjan, 2023;Soni et al, 2023).…”