Nano-crystalline titanium dioxide formed by reactive plasma synthesis

Nucleation and growth of self-assembled nanofibre-structured rutile (TiO2) particles via controlled forced hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride solution

“…a diversity of synthesis techniques has been advanced. For instance, thermal plasma synthesis [5][6][7] or spray hydrolysis [8,9] were tried and tested in various studies. However, these techniques are very complex and energy-intensive, not permitting easy control of powder properties, plus they are capital-intensive.…”

Evolution of photo-catalytic properties of reactive plasma processed nano-crystalline titanium dioxide powder

“…TiH 2 dissociates to form Ti particles and hydrogen gas in the plasma jet that are subsequently converted to TiO 2 and water vapour, which escapes along with the exhaust gas stream. Experimental set up and process details are described elsewhere [14].…”

“…Among them, the most widely used techniques include the sol-gel method [4], hydrothermal process [5], reverse miscellar [2] and electrochemical methods [3]. Flame processing [10], aerosol processing [11] and plasma processing have also been used [12][13][14]. Jungho Ryu et al [11] have devised an aerosol deposition route to fabricate thin films of titanium oxide for photo-catalytic applications.…”

Metal Oxide Polymer Nanocomposites in Water Treatments

“…As a result of the health implication induced by these contaminants, scientists and government authorities are making continuous efforts to address this problem. In the past, the traditional water treatment techniques such as coagulation and adsorption only remove pollutants from water but do not entirely biodegrade them into less toxic compounds [7]. Moreover, water treatment approaches, such as membrane technologies and chemical treatment usually have high operating costs and occasionally produce other poisonous secondary contaminants [8].…”