2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.08.009
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Nano-engineered delivery systems for cancer imaging and therapy: Recent advances, future direction and patent evaluation

Abstract: Cancer is the second-highest cause of death worldwide. Several therapeutic approaches, such as conventional chemotherapy, antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors and nanotherapeutics, have been employed in battling cancer. Among them, nanotheranostics is an example of successful personalized medicine bearing the dual role of early diagnosis and therapy to cancer patients. In this review, we focus on various types of theranostic polymer and metal nanoparticles for their roles in cancer therapy and imaging conc… Show more

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Cited by 82 publications
(58 citation statements)
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References 181 publications
(206 reference statements)
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“…Indeed, intratumoral distribution of nanoparticles is highly variable and it is affected by intrinsic factors, such as interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), blood flow, diffusion, and stroma thickness [3,32]. In addition, tumor microenvironment presents different physico-chemical characteristics compared to normal healthy cells, such as acidic pH, hypoxia, active efflux pumps, hyperthermia, altered redox potential, and overexpressed molecular biomarkers (e.g., oncogenic proteins) [2].…”
Section: Theranostic Nanosystems: From Single To Multimodalitymentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Indeed, intratumoral distribution of nanoparticles is highly variable and it is affected by intrinsic factors, such as interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), blood flow, diffusion, and stroma thickness [3,32]. In addition, tumor microenvironment presents different physico-chemical characteristics compared to normal healthy cells, such as acidic pH, hypoxia, active efflux pumps, hyperthermia, altered redox potential, and overexpressed molecular biomarkers (e.g., oncogenic proteins) [2].…”
Section: Theranostic Nanosystems: From Single To Multimodalitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hybrid nanotheranostic systems are multicomponent individual particles, made of organic and inorganic materials, capable of both diagnostic and therapeutic actions, such as for drug/gene delivery, laser-assisted therapy (e.g., photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT)), and/or imaging modalities (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) [2]. The association of these individual agents to a nanocarrier system expanded and enhanced the available nanotheranostics tools, offering the possibility of integrating both tumor accumulation, drug release, and multiple imaging modalities for optimal treatment outcomes [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Active targeting agents can selectively transport NPs into the tumor mass and they bind to molecules expressed on the cancer cell surface with high affinity leading to endocytosis mediated cell uptake 23. The surface‐functionalized nanocarrier using specific ligands complements the passive targeting approach to improve the efficiency of nanocarrier delivery and tumor localization 24.…”
Section: Active Targetingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have amazing chemical–physical features that make them appealing for biotechnology and medical applications [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. The advanced state of their synthetic chemistry allows strict control on shape, dimension and surface functionalization using, among others, thiols or organic molecules as capping agents that could be chemically modified to link targeting biomolecules or/and drugs [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%