Nano-immunotherapy: Overcoming tumour immune evasion

Guevara, María L.; Persano, Francesca; Persano, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.010

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…In recent years, many studies have demonstrated that dying cancer cells have the ability to elicit an immune response through the release or exposure of immunostimulatory DAMPs, resulting in T cell activation and proliferation, eventually culminating in eradication of the tumour [ 30 , 90 , 91 ].…”

Section: Immunogenic Cell Death-inducers For Anti-tumour In Situ Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunogenic cell death (ICD)-mediated immune priming and activation is characterized by the induction of a distinct cascade of molecular events, including (i) the relocation on the plasma membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone calreticulin (CRT) and the exposition of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and HSP90, which together act as “eat me” signals upon binding to their transmembrane receptor CD91 (also known as LRP1) on immature DCs and macrophages, promoting phagocytosis [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 ]; (ii) the secretion of adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) that will bind to the purinergic receptor P2RX7 expressed on DCs, leading to their recruitment at the tumour site [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 ]; (iii) the activation of a cancer cell-intrinsic type I IFN response and consequent secretion of CXC-chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), stimulating T cell recruitment; and (iv) the release of the non-histone chromatin-binding protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) into the extracellular environment that will bind to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DCs to promote maturation, antigen processing, and presentation ( Figure 6 ) [ 30 , 90 , 91 ].…”

Section: Immunogenic Cell Death-inducers For Anti-tumour In Situ Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these features make MNPs suitable platforms for the development of combinatorial immunotherapies with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, by simultaneously tackling different tumour immune-escape mechanisms [ 25 , 28 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic Nanostructures as Emerging Therapeutic Tools to Boost Anti-Tumour Immunity

Persano

Das

Pellegrino

2021

Cancers

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Cancer immunotherapy has shown remarkable results in various cancer types through a range of immunotherapeutic approaches, including chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapy, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), and therapeutic vaccines. Despite the enormous potential of cancer immunotherapy, its application in various clinical settings has been limited by immune evasion and immune suppressive mechanisms occurring locally or systemically, low durable response rates, and severe side effects. In the last decades, the rapid advancement of nanotechnology has been aiming at the development of novel synthetic nanocarriers enabling precise and enhanced delivery of immunotherapeutics, while improving drug stability and effectiveness. Magnetic nanostructured formulations are particularly intriguing because of their easy surface functionalization, low cost, and robust manufacturing procedures, together with their suitability for the implementation of magnetically-guided and heat-based therapeutic strategies. Here, we summarize and discuss the unique features of magnetic-based nanostructures, which can be opportunely designed to potentiate classic immunotherapies, such as therapeutic vaccines, ICB, adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and in situ vaccination. Finally, we focus on how multifunctional magnetic delivery systems can facilitate the anti-tumour therapies relying on multiple immunotherapies and/or other therapeutic modalities. Combinatorial magnetic-based therapies are indeed offering the possibility to overcome current challenges in cancer immunotherapy.

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Section: Immunogenic Cell Death-inducers For Anti-tumour In Situ Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunogenic Cell Death-inducers For Anti-tumour In Situ Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Magnetic Nanostructures as Emerging Therapeutic Tools to Boost Anti-Tumour Immunity

Persano

Das

Pellegrino

2021

Cancers

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“…Release and presentation of TAs are the preconditions of cellular immune response. However, many tumors have poor immunogenicity due to down-regulation of antigen expression, antigen loss, and antigen modulation 32 , 33 . Also, antigen presentation to T cells by dysfunctional DCs induces antigen-specific immunotolerance.…”

Section: Antigen Release and Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-immunotherapy for each stage of cancer cellular immunity: which, why, and what?

Zuo¹,

Song²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

Theranostics

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Immunotherapy provides a new avenue for combating cancer. Current research in anticancer immunotherapy is primary based on T cell-mediated cellular immunity, which can be divided into seven steps and is named the cancer-immunity cycle. Unfortunately, clinical applications of cancer immunotherapies are restricted by inefficient drug delivery, low response rates, and unmanageable adverse reactions. In response to these challenges, the combination of nanotechnology and immunotherapy (nano-immunotherapy) has been extensively studied in recent years. Rational design of advanced nano-immunotherapies requires in-depth consideration of “which” immune step is targeted, “why” it needs to be further enhanced, and “what” nanotechnology can do for immunotherapy. However, the applications and effects of nanotechnology in the cancer-immunity cycle have not been well reviewed. Herein, we summarize the current developments in nano-immunotherapy for each stage of cancer cellular immunity, with special attention on the which, why and what. Furthermore, we summarize the advantages of nanotechnology for combination immunotherapy in two categories: enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity. Finally, we discuss the challenges of nano-immunotherapy in detail and provide a perspective.

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“…The dispatched immunotherapies struggle for optimal function in eradicating the tumor cells. 70 Consequently, there may be a competition among how speedy the immunotherapy gets to the intracellular space, via each energetic (active) delivery system, likewise the talent of the receptor interceded endocytosis, and the way rapidly it will proceed to malignant cells. 71 Thus, for an effective outcome to be achieved, the delivery system has to be modified in such a way that the immunotherapeutic carrier gets into the intracellular space before dispatching the immunotherapy.…”

Section: Transport Of Nanoparticle-immunotherapy Complex To Malignantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment Goals by Using Nanoparticle Delivery System

Muluh¹,

Chen²,

Li³

et al. 2021

IJN

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Recently, there has been an incredible increase in research about the abnormal growth of cells (neoplasm), focusing on the management, treatment and preventing reoccurrence. It has been understood that the natural defense system, composed of a variety of immune defensive cells, does not just limit its function in eliminating neoplastic cells, but also controls the growth and spread of tumor cells of different kinds to other parts of the body. Cancer immunotherapy, is a cancer treatment plan that educates the body’s defensive system to forestall, control, and eliminate tumor cells. The effectiveness of immunotherapy is achieved, to its highest efficacy, by the use of nanoparticles (NPs) for precise and timely delivery of immunotherapies to specific targeted neoplasms, with less or no harm to the healthy cells. Immunotherapies have been affirmed in clinical trials as a cancer regimen for various types of cancers, the side effects resulting from imprecise and non-targeted conveyance is well managed with the use of nanoparticles. Nonetheless, we will concentrate on enhancing cancer immunotherapy approaches by the use of nanoparticles for the productivity of antitumor immunity. Nanoparticles will be presented and utilized as an objective immunotherapy delivery system for high exactness and are thus a promising methodology for cancer treatment.

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Nano-immunotherapy: Overcoming tumour immune evasion

Cited by 62 publications

References 151 publications

Magnetic Nanostructures as Emerging Therapeutic Tools to Boost Anti-Tumour Immunity

Magnetic Nanostructures as Emerging Therapeutic Tools to Boost Anti-Tumour Immunity

Nano-immunotherapy for each stage of cancer cellular immunity: which, why, and what?

Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy Treatment Goals by Using Nanoparticle Delivery System

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