Nanoarchitectured Porous Conducting Polymers: From Controlled Synthesis to Advanced Applications

Abstract

Conductive polymers (CPs) integrate the inherent characteristics of conventional polymers and the unique electrical properties of metals. They have aroused tremendous interest over the last decade owing to their high conductivity, robust and flexible properties, facile fabrication, and cost‐effectiveness. Compared to bulk CPs, porous CPs with well‐defined nano‐ or microstructures possess open porous architectures, high specific surface areas, more exposed reactive sites, and remarkably enhanced activities. These attractive features have led to their applications in sensors, energy storage and conversion devices, biomedical devices, and so on. In this review article, the different strategies for synthesizing porous CPs, including template‐free and template‐based methods, are summarized, and the importance of tuning the morphology and pore structure of porous CPs to optimize their functional performance is highlighted. Moreover, their representative applications (energy storage devices, sensors, biomedical devices, etc.) are also discussed. The review is concluded by discussing the current challenges and future development trend in this field.

Synthesis, characterization and applications of conductive polymers: A brief review

“…(iii) Polymerization mechanism is different for synthesizing different CPs that results to uncontrolled morphology of product. (iv) Instability of nanostructured CPs 177. However, significant work has been carried out on characterization, property evaluation, synthesis techniques, applications, particle size, and structure modification.…”

Mainstream Optimization Strategies for Cathode Materials of Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Due to the advantages of high specific surface area, low density, superior capacity to accommodate volume, and thermal changes, the porous structure is conducive to the transport of electrons and ions, as well as mass diffusion and exchange. [ 77 ] According to the pore size, the porous structure can be divided into three types: micropores (<2 nm), mesopores (2–50 nm), and macropores (>50 nm). There are many investigations of porous structures in catalysis, adsorption, decomposition, biosensors, and energy storage.…”

Interfacial Assembly and Applications of Functional Mesoporous Materials

“…To address the sluggish reaction kinetics of these electrocatalytic reactions, various advanced electrocatalysts have been fabricated. Among them, mesoporous electrocatalysts receive particular attention because the highly open pore structure allows fast mass/charge transport and simultaneously provides rich accessible active sites. , In this section, on the basis of the structure–performance relationship, we discuss the recent advances of mesoporous electrocatalysts.…”