Nanobiosensors for procalcitonin (PCT) analysis

Abstract

BackgroundProcalcitonin (PCT) is a critical biomarker that is released in response to bacterial infections and can be used to differentiate the pathogenesis of the infectious process.ObjectiveIn this article, we provide an overview of recent advances in PCT biosensors, highlighting different approaches for biosensor construction, different immobilization methods, advantages and roles of different matrices used, analytical performance, and PCT biosensor construction. Also, we will explain PCT biosensors sensible limits of detection (LOD), linearity, and other analytical characteristics. Future prospects for the development of better PCT biosensor systems are also discussed.MethodsTraditional methods such as capillary electrophoresis, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are effective in analyzing PCT in the medical field, but they are complicated, time‐consuming sample preparation, and require expensive equipment and skilled personnel.ResultsIn the past decades, PCT biosensors have emerged as simple, fast, and sensitive tools for PCT analysis in various fields, especially medical fields.ConclusionThese biosensors have the potential to accompany or replace traditional analytical methods by simplifying or reducing sample preparation and making field testing easier and faster, while significantly reducing the cost per analysis.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Biomarkers; towards Better Dosing of Antimicrobial Therapy

“…The PK profiles from the biosensor were similar to those generated from microdialysis, suggesting feasibility for wider application in clinical practice [98]. As for biomarkers, biosensors have been developed for the detection of galactomannan, CMV viral load, BDG, IP-10 and PCT [99][100][101][102][103]. However, all need to be researched further in animals and humans before attempting implementation in clinical practice [97,102].…”

Diagnostic significance of serum levels of serum amyloid A, procalcitonin, and high-mobility group box 1 in identifying necrotising enterocolitis in newborns

“…PCT, a precursor of calcitonin, is another promising biomarker that has been extensively studied for its diagnostic and prognostic value in neonatal sepsis and other infectious conditions[ 11 ]. PCT levels rise rapidly in response to bacterial infections and systemic inflammation, serving as a valuable marker for differentiating infectious from non-infectious causes of systemic inflammation[ 12 ].…”