Nanocomposite hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering: mesoporous silica nanofibers interlinked with siloxane derived polysaccharide

Abstract

Injectable materials for mini-invasive surgery of cartilage are synthesized and thoroughly studied. The concept of these hybrid materials is based on providing high enough mechanical performances along with a good medium for chondrocytes proliferation. The unusual nanocomposite hydrogels presented herein are based on siloxane derived hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Si-HPMC) interlinked with mesoporous silica nanofibers. The mandatory homogeneity of the nanocomposites is checked by fluorescent methods, which show that the silica nanofibres dispersion is realized down to nanometric scale, suggesting an efficient immobilization of the silica nanofibres onto the Si-HPMC scaffold. Such dispersion and immobilization are reached thanks to the chemical affinity between the hydrophilic silica nanofibers and the pendant silanolate groups of the Si-HPMC chains. Tuning the amount of nanocharges allows tuning the resulting mechanical features of these injectable biocompatible hybrid hydrogels. hASC stem cells and SW1353 chondrocytic cells viability is checked within the nanocomposite hydrogels up to 3 wt% of silica nanofibers.

Blends and Nanocomposite Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering

“…For example, Buchtova et al [160] have fabricated improved hydrogel based on siloxane derived hydroxypropylmethylcellulose with mesoporous silica nanofibers, and yield efficient bionanocomposite ECMs resulted in mimicking cartilage tissue. The nanocomposite possessed dispersion at the nanoscale due to the chemical affinity between the hydrophilic silica nanofibers and the pendant silanolate groups of the polymer chains influenced gel point.…”

Osteogenic Potential of Graphene in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

“…There has to be a controlled proliferation and differentiation of the stem cells in order to attain successful bone regeneration. This can be achieved with the help of growth factors and osteogenic inducers [81]. Human bone marrow derived stem cells can be allowed to differentiate and proliferate in a controlled manner by combining them with artificial scaffolds to regenerate the lost bone tissues [81,82,83,84,85].…”

“…This can be achieved with the help of growth factors and osteogenic inducers [81]. Human bone marrow derived stem cells can be allowed to differentiate and proliferate in a controlled manner by combining them with artificial scaffolds to regenerate the lost bone tissues [81,82,83,84,85]. Graphene derivatives have been shown to support stem cell attachment and differentiation, and are also used for various bone tissue regeneration [86].…”

Polysaccharide-based nanocomposites and their applications

“…The surfaces of cellulose nanocrystals, decorated with epoxy functional groups introduced using epichlorohydrin, can be ring-opened with ammonium hydroxide for reaction with the FITC to prepare fluorescently labeled cellulose nanocrystals for bioimaging applications [65]. Nanocomposite hydrogels based on siloxane-derived hydroxypropylmethylcellulose interlinked with mesoporous silica NFs through a continuous network of Si–O–Si bonds have been explored as nanocomposite hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering [66]. Cellulose-based ionogels can be produced using a chemically cross-linked polysaccharide, silanized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.…”