“…The molecular weight characteristics of the initial AG and sulfated AG samples are given in Table 5 . The average molecular weight of sulfated AG increases from 16.8 to 18.8 kDa, which is consistent with the data, reported in Tang et al ( 2019 ) and Ganenko et al ( 2015 ). Fig.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The sulfation of Larix sibirica AG with SO 3 –dimethylformamide complex in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) medium and the sulfation of AG with potassium persulfate in DMSO medium were described earlier by Ganenko et al ( 2015 ), Kostyro and Stankevich ( 2015 ) and Medvedeva et al ( 2014 ). It was found that the substitution of hydroxyl groups by sulfate groups leads to a downfield shift of the signals of associated carbon atoms by ~ 6 ppm in the 13 C NMR spectrum (α-effect of sulfation), while the signals of neighboring carbon atoms shifted upfield by ~ 2 ppm ( β -effect).…”
“…The molecular weight characteristics of the initial AG and sulfated AG samples are given in Table 5 . The average molecular weight of sulfated AG increases from 16.8 to 18.8 kDa, which is consistent with the data, reported in Tang et al ( 2019 ) and Ganenko et al ( 2015 ). Fig.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The sulfation of Larix sibirica AG with SO 3 –dimethylformamide complex in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) medium and the sulfation of AG with potassium persulfate in DMSO medium were described earlier by Ganenko et al ( 2015 ), Kostyro and Stankevich ( 2015 ) and Medvedeva et al ( 2014 ). It was found that the substitution of hydroxyl groups by sulfate groups leads to a downfield shift of the signals of associated carbon atoms by ~ 6 ppm in the 13 C NMR spectrum (α-effect of sulfation), while the signals of neighboring carbon atoms shifted upfield by ~ 2 ppm ( β -effect).…”
“…At the same time, nanochemistry also faces such issues as the design of biocompatible, safe, and easily biodegradable nanosubstances. Therefore, the employment of natural polysaccharides as matrices is quite justified [ 6 , 21 , 22 ].…”
New promising manganese-containing nanobiocomposites (NCs) based on natural polysaccharides, arabinogalactan (AG), arabinogalactan sulfate (AGS), and κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) were studied to develop novel multi-purpose trophic low-dose organomineral fertilizers. The general toxicological effects of manganese (Mn) on the vegetation of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) was evaluated in this study. The essential physicochemical properties of this trace element in plant tissues, such as its elemental analysis and its spectroscopic parameters in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), were determined. Potato plants grown in an NC-containing medium demonstrated better biometric parameters than in the control medium, and no Mn accumulated in plant tissues. In addition, the synthesized NCs demonstrated a pronounced antibacterial effect against the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms) and were proved to be safe for natural soil microflora.
“…A promising and available substance alternative to heparin is sulfated arabinogalactan [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], a product of chemical modification of the plant polysaccharide arabinogalactan [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. A significant advantage of arabinogalactan [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] over other biologically active polysaccharides is availability, since a reliable source of its industrial production is larch wood, which is one of the most widespread conifers [ 28 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Current methods of AG sulfates producing are based on the use of aggressive and environmentally hazardous sulfating agents such as sulfuric anhydride and chlorosulfonic acid [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 26 ]. We also developed a new, simple and environmentally friendly than known, method for the synthesis of sulfated arabinogalact by sulfation of arabinogalactan with sulfamic acid in dioxane in the presence of the main catalyst—urea [ 25 ]—and studied the physicochemical properties of the sulfated arabinogalactan obtained by this method [ 34 ].…”
The process of sulfation of arabinogalactan—a natural polysaccharide from Larix sibirica Ledeb.—with sulfamic acid in 1,4-dioxane using different activators has been studied for the first time. The dynamics of the molecular weight of sulfated arabinogalactan upon variation in the temperature and time of sulfation of arabinogalactan with sulfamic acid in 1,4-dioxane has been investigated. It has been found that, as the sulfation time increases from 10 to 90 min, the molecular weights of the reaction products grow due to the introduction of sulfate groups without significant destruction of the initial polymer and sulfation products. Sulfation at 95 °C for 20 min yields the products with a higher molecular weight than in the case of sulfation at 85 °C, which is related to an increase in the sulfation rate; however, during the further process occurring under these conditions, sulfation is accompanied by the destruction and the molecular weight of the sulfated polymer decreases. The numerical optimization of arabinogalactan sulfation process has been performed. It has been shown that the optimal parameters for obtaining a product with a high sulfur content are a sulfamic acid amount of 20 mmol per 1 g of arabinogalactan, a process temperature of 85 °C, and a process time of 2.5 h.
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