New promising manganese-containing nanobiocomposites (NCs) based on natural polysaccharides, arabinogalactan (AG), arabinogalactan sulfate (AGS), and κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) were studied to develop novel multi-purpose trophic low-dose organomineral fertilizers. The general toxicological effects of manganese (Mn) on the vegetation of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) was evaluated in this study. The essential physicochemical properties of this trace element in plant tissues, such as its elemental analysis and its spectroscopic parameters in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), were determined. Potato plants grown in an NC-containing medium demonstrated better biometric parameters than in the control medium, and no Mn accumulated in plant tissues. In addition, the synthesized NCs demonstrated a pronounced antibacterial effect against the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cms) and were proved to be safe for natural soil microflora.

Configurational assignment and conformational analysis of a series of iminodihydrofurans obtained from cyanoacetylenic alcohols were performed on the basis of experimental measurements and high-level ab initio calculations of their (13)C-(13)C spin-spin coupling constants. The title compounds were shown to form and exist in solution as the individual Z isomers, adopting the orthogonal orientation of the amino, alkylamino and dialkylamino groups and the s-trans orientation of the CONH(2) group at the C(4) position of the 2,5-dihydro-2-iminofuran moiety.

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A novel families of nonconventionally functionalized amino acids have been synthesized in almost quantitative yields by chemo-, regio-and stereospecific addition of L-cysteine and Lmethionine to electron-deficient functionalized acetylenes (cyanoacetylenes and methyl 4-hydroxy-4-methylpent-2-ynoate) under mild conditions (water, r.t., 2-5 h). Thus, for the first time, the uncommonly functionalized optically active amino acids composing of L-cysteine and L-methionine structural units along with cinnamic acid, dihydrofuranone, iminodihydrofuran, and other biologically important functionalities are readily available.

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