Nanoconfined Oxidation Synthesis of N‐Doped Carbon Hollow Spheres and MnO₂ Encapsulated Sulfur Cathode for Superior Li‐S Batteries

Abstract

The sulfur cathode, as a new generation of lithium-ion battery cathode material, has a high theoretical energy density of about 2500 Wh kg . However, the low conductivity of sulfur and the "shuttle effect", widely presenting in the lithiation/de-lithiation process, seriously hinder its practical application. Here, we report a new nanoconfined oxidation route (first complete oxidation of metal sulfide and subsequently partial oxidation of the generated S from sulfide) for S cathode encapsulated with MnO nanosheets and N-doped carbon hollow spheres. This nanoconfined oxidation route can successfully confine the sulfur particles in the interior of the carbon shell, and the rationally introduced nonpolar carbon and polar MnO can both reduce the dissolution of polysulfide during the charge-discharge process. The obtained well-defined S-MnO @C cathode exhibits high specific capacity with excellent cycling performance and superior rate capability.

Polar and Nonpolar Matrix Consisting of Twined Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and High Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Ionic Liquid for Stable Li‐S Battery

“…The comparison of ILDNPC/MWCNT materials used in Li–S battery with other oxides and nitrogen‐doped carbon/N‐doped MWCNTs reported is shown in Table S1, Supporting Information. Compared with the other simply prepared oxides and nitrogen‐doped carbon/N‐doped MWCNTs batteries, ILDNPC/MWCNT/S shows a higher specific capacity at 1558.6 mAh g −1 and a relatively good cycle stability at 1 C with 0.021% attenuation per cycle …”

Construction of ultrathin MnO2 decorated graphene/carbon nanotube nanocomposites as efficient sulfur hosts for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

“…The cycling performance of G/CNT@MnO 2 @S cathode was compared with other related state-of-the-art cathodes based on carbon/MnO 2 host materials (Table S2 †). 19,23,25,41,43,46,[50][51][52] Apparently, the G/CNT@MnO 2 @S cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability. Especially, the cathode exhibits a high capacity retention of 84.1% and 77.9% at a rate of 0.1C and 1C aer cycling, respectively, which is comparable to or even better than almost all of previously reported results listed in Table S2.…”

Recent Advances in Hollow Porous Carbon Materials for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

“…Modifying the carbon shell of HPCM with polar inorganic nanoparticles is a straightforward strategy . Wu and co‐workers decorated HPCS by embedding CoO nanoparticles into prefabricated HPCS (HPCS/CoO, Figure a) .…”