Nanoengineered highly sensitive and stable soft strain sensor built from cracked carbon nanotube network/composite bilayers

Wang, Yun; Wang, Fei; Yazigi, Sebastian; Zhang, Dongxing; Gui, Xuchun; Qi, Yuzhao; Zhong, Jing; Sun, Li

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.11.025

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…19,39 The deformation of strain sensors with GF exceeding 10 2 did not exceed 100% in previous reports. 41,42,44 Under a very low detection limit (0.01%), we still obtain relatively high GF over 10 3 , which can be comparable to most crack sensors with a low detection limit. Accordingly, the fiber strain sensors combine the advantages of the crack structure with high sensitivity and elastic materials with large deformation and realize the simultaneous improvement of sensitivity, sensing range, and detection limit.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…As can be seen from these comparative data, we obtained a high sensitivity of 66,600 GF at 500% high tensile strength, which is the best result reported so far. Although Wu et al and Wand et al reported ultrasensitive sensors with high GF (43,152, 10 5 ) based on Cu–Al alloy films and graphene woven fabrics, their stretchability is limited to 2 and 30%, respectively. , The deformation of strain sensors with GF exceeding 10 2 did not exceed 100% in previous reports. ,, Under a very low detection limit (0.01%), we still obtain relatively high GF over 10 3 , which can be comparable to most crack sensors with a low detection limit. Accordingly, the fiber strain sensors combine the advantages of the crack structure with high sensitivity and elastic materials with large deformation and realize the simultaneous improvement of sensitivity, sensing range, and detection limit.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 44%

“…To visually demonstrate the detection limit, stretchability, and GF of the sensor, a three-dimensional graph is presented in Figure g to compare with previous reports, ,− and more details are listed in Table S1. As can be seen from these comparative data, we obtained a high sensitivity of 66,600 GF at 500% high tensile strength, which is the best result reported so far.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Crack-Based Core-Sheath Fiber Strain Sensors with an Ultralow Detection Limit and an Ultrawide Working Range

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the booming development of flexible wearable sensing devices, flexible stretchable strain sensors with crack structure and high sensitivity have been widely concerned. However, the narrow sensing range has been hindering the development of crack-based strain sensors. In addition, the existence of the crack structure may reduce the interface compatibility between the elastic matrix and the sensing material. Herein, to overcome these problems, integrated core-sheath fibers were prepared by coaxial wet spinning with partially added carbon nanotube sensing materials in thermoplastic polyurethane elastic materials. Due to the superior interface compatibility and the change in the conductive path during stretching, the fiber strain sensor exhibits excellent durability (5000 tensile cycles), high sensitivity (>10 4 ), large stretchability (500%), a low detection limit (0.01%), and a fast response time of ∼60 ms. Based on these outstanding strain sensing performances, the fiber sensor is demonstrated to detect subtle strain changes (e.g., pulse wave and swallowing) and large strain changes (e.g., finger joint and wrist movement) in real time. Moreover, the fabric sensor woven with the core-sheath fibers has an excellent performance in wrist bending angle detection, and the smart gloves based on the fabric sensors also show exceptional recognition ability as a wireless sign language translation device. This integrated strategy may provide prospective opportunities to develop highly sensitive strain sensors with durable deformation and a wide detection range.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 44%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Crack-Based Core-Sheath Fiber Strain Sensors with an Ultralow Detection Limit and an Ultrawide Working Range

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…1,24 Among them, significant progress has been made in relevant research studies of hybrid composites with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and doped conductive particles, such as CS/MWCNTs-PDMS, 18 CNTs-PDMS, 3,25 CNT/Ti3C2Tx MXene-PDMS, 26 MWCNTs/CB-TPU, 27 MWCNTs-PU, 28 MWCNTs-PVA/PAA, 29 MWCNTs/graphene, 30,31 and SWCNT/rGO, 32 indicating that the synergistic effect between the backbone of carbon nanotubes and the filling particles results in these sensors being susceptible to tensile strain and having good comprehensive sensing performance. In addition, the sensing performance can be improved by modifying the structure of the material, such as peeled cheese, 16 serpentine pattern, 25 three-dimensional waves, 33 wrinkled, 34,35 origami sheet, 36 buckled structure, 37,38 cracked structure, 39 threedimensional (3D) network, 40 and nano-porous structure. 31,41 However, achieving high sensitivity, wide extensibility, and high stability remains a great challenge, because high sensitivity requires significant internal structural changes in the composites even at small strains, wide extensibility requires maintaining morphology integrity without cracking under large strain, and high stability is associated with changes and recovery of the internal microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexible strain sensors are widely used in the field of flexible electronics, including electronic skins, − bionic robots, , wearable devices, − and implantable devices. , They not only play an important role in micro-motion detection such as speech, , pulse wave, , and heartbeat but are also the core components of motion capture and joint behavior control system. − Particularly, flexible strain sensors based on hybrid composites have attracted wide attention because of the various fabrication methods and controllable filling materials that can effectively change their intrinsic properties. , Among them, significant progress has been made in relevant research studies of hybrid composites with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and doped conductive particles, such as CS/MWCNTs-PDMS, CNTs-PDMS, , CNT/Ti3C2Tx MXene-PDMS, MWCNTs/CB-TPU, MWCNTs-PU, MWCNTs-PVA/PAA, MWCNTs/graphene, , and SWCNT/rGO, indicating that the synergistic effect between the backbone of carbon nanotubes and the filling particles results in these sensors being susceptible to tensile strain and having good comprehensive sensing performance. In addition, the sensing performance can be improved by modifying the structure of the material, such as peeled cheese, serpentine pattern, three-dimensional waves, wrinkled, , origami sheet, buckled structure, , cracked structure, three-dimensional (3D) network, and nano-porous structure. , However, achieving high sensitivity, wide extensibility, and high stability remains a great challenge, because high sensitivity requires significant internal structural changes in the composites even at small strains, wide extensibility requires maintaining morphology integrity without cracking under large strain, and high stability is associated with changes and recovery of the internal microstructure. Furthermore, the conventional methods of improving sensing performance by changing the intrinsic properties or designing structures of hybrid composites are quite complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Self-Assembled Pearl Necklace-like Microstructure for Improving the Performance of a Flexible Strain Sensor

Sun

Guo

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Flexible strain sensors have important applications in wearable devices, electronic skin, robotics, and virtual reality. However, simple and effective methods to adjust the sensing performance for various applications are still the key to their commercialization. Here, a flexible strain sensor with a magnetic self-assembled pearl necklace-like microstructure is proposed, named PNS-C, which effectively improves its strain sensing performance by utilizing the curing magnetic induction intensity to adjust the arrangement of nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. It exhibited high sensitivity (GF = 361.02, 125–150% strain), nearly 40.16 times that of the corresponding randomly distributed structural composites, fast response (loading delay time was 132 ms), and high durability (1050 cycles). The sensing properties of PNS-C enable wearable health monitoring including facial micro-motion and knee movements. Finally, a manipulator grasping motion detection system is designed to demonstrate the potential practical value of the sensor in the field of robot control.

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Carbon Nanotube‐Based Strain Sensors: Structures, Fabrication, and Applications

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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flexible devices has received widespread attention. Among them, flexible strain sensors have attracted great interest from the industry and academia due to their promising applications in wearable devices, [1][2][3] electronic skin, [4,5] intelligent robots, [6] healthcare monitoring, [7] and humanmachine interfaces. [8,9] The three primary categories of strain sensors are resistive, [10] capacitive, [11] and piezoelectric. [12] The advantages of capacitive-type strain sensors are high sensitivity, rapid response, and high linearity, but the sensor has poor response performance on various strains due to their structural limitations. The performance of the piezoelectric-type strain sensor mainly focuses on the piezoelectric material, which requires excellent piezoelectricity of the material, but the piezoelectric material is more expensive and the measurable range is narrower. Compared to the above two types of sensors, resistivetype strain sensors have the advantages of a wider strain sensing range, relatively simple reading mechanism and easy fabrication, which have received wide attention in recent years in the fields of wearable devices and electronic skins. Therefore, this paper will focus on the resistive-type strain sensors. The working principle is that the structure of the conductive material changes when the device is stretched, bent, and twisted, causing the resistance of Flexible strain sensors have received widespread attention because of their great potential in many fields. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been used as conductive materials for flexible strain sensors due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties, and the fabricated flexible strain sensors have excellent sensing performance. This paper systematically summarizes the advances in flexible resistance-type strain sensors based on CNTs. The strain sensing mechanisms are introduced, including crack extension, tunneling effect, and disconnection of overlapping materials. The performance parameters of the sensors, including sensitivity, stretchability, linearity, hysteresis, dynamic durability, and transparency, are discussed comprehensively. The coating methods, 3D printing techniques, chemical vapor deposition, transfer methods, and spinning processes used to fabricate CNT strain sensors are highlighted. The effect of isolated and porous internal conductive structures, folded and microcracked surface structures, films and fabrics macroscopic structures on sensor performance were systematically analyzed. The applications of the sensors in medical health, motion monitoring, gesture recognition, human-computer interaction, and soft robotics are provided in detail. Finally, the future challenges of CNT flexible strain sensors are summarized and the outlook is presented. Although CNT strain sensors have made great progress so far, there are still many problems that need researchers' attention and solutions.

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Nanoengineered highly sensitive and stable soft strain sensor built from cracked carbon nanotube network/composite bilayers

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

Crack-Based Core-Sheath Fiber Strain Sensors with an Ultralow Detection Limit and an Ultrawide Working Range

Crack-Based Core-Sheath Fiber Strain Sensors with an Ultralow Detection Limit and an Ultrawide Working Range

Magnetic Self-Assembled Pearl Necklace-like Microstructure for Improving the Performance of a Flexible Strain Sensor

Carbon Nanotube‐Based Strain Sensors: Structures, Fabrication, and Applications

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