Nanofiltration of nitric acidic solutions from picture tube production

A comprehensive review of nanofiltration membranes:Treatment, pretreatment, modelling, and atomic force microscopy

“…Jakobs and Baumgarten [66] showed that NF could remove lead up to 90% from a nitric acid solution. Also, purification of phosphoric acid by NF (DS5DL NF) was studied [67] using different commercial membranes of common industrial use.…”

An acid-stable positively charged polysulfonamide nanofiltration membrane prepared by interfacial polymerization of polyallylamine and 1,3-benzenedisulfonyl chloride for water treatment

“…[28][29][30][31] This result is attributed to the fact that the electronegativity of the oxygen atom in the amide bond is higher than that of the carbon atom, and hence the carbonyl group is much more susceptible to nucleophilic attack in acidic conditions. 28,29 Thus, this disadvantage limits the utility of PA membranes in many applications that involve strongly acidic conditions, such as the electroplating industry, 32,33 the recovery of metals from acid wastes, 34 the recovery of acidic bleaching water in the paper industry 35 and the removal of nitrogenous compounds from acidic wastewater. 36 Therefore, it would be desirable to prepare acidstable NF membranes.…”

Novel organic–inorganic hybrid composite membranes for nanofiltration of acid and alkaline media

“…4 For example, production of sodium sulfate crystals from mother liquor obtained from salt production, 5 sugar industry, 6 treatment of effluents from pulp and paper 7 and textile industry, 1 usually require the NF membranes to tolerate high pH condition during the application. On the other hand, the applications involving very low pH conditions include purication of acids, 8,9 recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge, 10 removal of sulfate ions from effluents in the mining industry, 11 as well as metal industry. 12 To date, only several commercial NF membranes including SelRO series fabricated by Koch Membrane Systems, D-series by Desal/Osmonics and HYDRACoRe series by Hydranautics/Nitto Denko have been reported to be suitable for application at the extreme pH conditions.…”