Nanoforest: Polyaniline Nanotubes Modified with Carbon Nano-Onions as a Nanocomposite Material for Easy-to-Miniaturize High-Performance Solid-State Supercapacitors

Olejnik, Piotr; Gniadek, Marianna; Echegoyen, Luís; Płońska‐Brzezińska, Marta E.

doi:10.3390/polym10121408

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Recently, abundant carbon-based materials have been studied and evaluated for possible developments of SSSCs, in order to meet the demand of requisite energy storage. Example attempts include activated carbon [ 160 , 161 ], porous carbon [ 162 ], carbide-derived carbon [ 163 ], carbon nano-onions [ 164 ], carbon aerogels [ 165 ], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [ 166 ], graphene [ 167 , 168 , 169 ], and graphene aerogel [ 170 ].…”

Section: All-solid-state Supercapacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Research of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites and Their Application for Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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This review acmes the latest developments of composites of metal oxides/sulfide comprising of graphene and its analogues as electrode materials in the construction of the next generation of supercapacitors (SCs). SCs have become an indispensable device of energy-storage modes. A prompt increase in the number of scientific accomplishments in this field, including publications, patents, and device fabrication, has evidenced the immense attention they have attracted from scientific communities. These efforts have resulted in rapid advancements in the field of SCs, focusing on the development of electrode materials with features of high performance, economic viability, and robustness. It has been demonstrated that carbon-based electrode materials mixed with metal oxides and sulfoxides can perform extremely well in terms of energy density, durability, and exceptional cyclic stability. Herein, the state-of-the-art technologies relevant to the fabrication, characterization, and property assessment of graphene-based SCs are discussed in detail, especially for the composite forms when mixing with metal sulfide, metal oxides, metal foams, and nanohybrids. Effective synthetic methodologies for the nanocomposite fabrications via intercalation, coating, wrapping, and covalent interactions will be reviewed. We will first introduce some fundamental aspects of SCs, and briefly highlight the impact of graphene-based nanostructures on the basic principle of SCs, and then the recent progress in graphene-based electrodes, electrolytes, and all-solid-state SCs will be covered. The important surface properties of the metal oxides/sulfides electrode materials (nickel oxide, nickel sulfide, molybdenum oxide, ruthenium oxides, stannous oxide, nickel-cobalt sulfide manganese oxides, multiferroic materials like BaMnF, core-shell materials, etc.) will be described in each section as per requirement. Finally, we will show that composites of graphene-based electrodes are promising for the construction of the next generation of high performance, robust SCs that hold the prospects for practical applications.

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Section: All-solid-state Supercapacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Research of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites and Their Application for Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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“…Dopants may be an anion, either small (e.g., Cl -, ClO4 -) or large (e.g., polystyrene sulfonate (PSS)) [14], [40], [41], [42]. [48] conducting biomaterials [49] polypyrrole PPy [C4H2NH]n 10 -7.5 x 10 3 modulate cellular activities [50], [51] nerve regeneration [52] biomedicine [53] biosensors [54] bacterial detection [55], [56], [57] poly(p-phenylene) PPP [C6H4]n 10 -3 -10 2 dental applications [58] cell alignment [59], [60], [61], [62] polyaniline PANI [C6H4NH]n 10 -2 -200 neural application [63] tissue engineering [64] biosensors [65], [66], [67], [68], [69] Reprinted with permission from Ref. 28.…”

Section: Electronically Conducting Polymers (Intrinsically Conductingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its synthesis is very easy and low-cost, and its conductivity depends on its oxidation state [31]. PANI chains consist of −p-coupled aniline units [69]. The combination of benzenoid and quinoid rings leads to different oxidation states for the PANI polymer: leucoemeraldine, emeraldine, and pernigraniline (Scheme 2) [120], [121].…”

Section: Electronically Conducting Polymers (Intrinsically Conductingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PANI chains can form one-dimensional (1D) structures (nanofibres, nanorods and nanotubes) [124], [125], [126], planar two-dimensional (2D) objects (e.g., ribbons, nanobelts and nanoplates) [127], [69] and three-dimensional (3D) particles (microspheres, nanospheres and granules) [128], [129], [130], [131]. Nanostructured PANI offers the possibility of enhanced performance for the fast transfer of electrons and can be envisioned for potential applications including supercapacitors [132], [133], biosensors [134], [135], [69] and microelectronic devices [136]. PANI can be synthesized by several chemical (e.g., oxidative polymerization, via conventional free-radical polymerization, enzymatic synthesis) [123], [131], [140], [141] and electrochemical methods [142], [141].…”

Section: Electronically Conducting Polymers (Intrinsically Conductingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conducting Polymers, Hydrogels and Their Composites: Preparation, Properties and Bioapplications

Tomczykowa

Płońska‐Brzezińska

2019

Preprint

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This review is focused on current state-of-the-art research on electroactive-based materials and their synthesis, as well as their physicochemical and biological properties. Special attention is paid to pristine intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) and their composites with other organic and inorganic components, well-defined micro- and nanostructures, and enhanced surface areas compared with those of conventionally prepared ICPs. Hydrogels, due to their defined porous structures and being filled with aqueous solution, offer the ability to increase the amount of immobilized chemical, biological or biochemical molecules. When other components are incorporated into ICPs, the materials form composites; in this particular case, they form conductive composites. The design and synthesis of conductive composites result in the inheritance of the advantages of each component and offer new features because of the synergistic effects between the components. The resulting structures of ICPs, conducting polymer hydrogels and their composites, as well as the unusual physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and multi-functionality of these materials, facilitate their bioapplications. The synergistic effects between constituents have made these materials particularly attractive as sensing elements for biological agents, and they also enable the immobilization of bioreceptors such as enzymes, antigen–antibodies, and nucleic acids onto their surfaces for the detection of an array of biological agents. Currently, these materials have unlimited applicability in biomedicine. In this review, we have limited discussion to three areas in which it seems that the use of ICPs and materials, including their different forms, are particularly interesting, namely, biosensors, delivery of drugs and tissue engineering.

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“…The ease of dispersion of PANI in solution [9], its short diffusion path, large specific surface area [10], and high one-dimensional electrical conductivity provides that 1-D nano-PANI including nanofibers, nanowires, nanobelts, nanotubes, nanorods, and nanoneedles have superior properties to its bulk counterpart and exhibits great promise for use in sensors and actuators [11,12,13], electrochromic devices [14,15], supercapacitors [16,17,18], protective coatings [19,20], and other nanometer devices [21,22]. However, large-scale commercial production of 1-D nano-PANI is a critical issue in determining its wide scale applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Important Issues of the Commercial Production of 1-D Nano-PANI

Wang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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One-dimensional polyaniline nano-materials (1-D nano-PANI) have great promise applications in supercapacitors, sensors and actuators, electrochromic devices, anticorrosive coatings, and other nanometer devices. Consequently, commercial production of 1-D nano-PANI at large-scale needs to be quickly developed to ensure widespread usage of this material. Until now, approaches—including hard template methods, soft template methods, interfacial polymerization, rapid mixing polymerization, dilute polymerization, and electrochemical polymerization—have been reported to be used to preparation of this material. Herein, some important issues dealing with commercial production of 1-D nano-PANI are proposed based on the complexity of the synthetic process, its characters, and the aspects of waste production and treatment in particular. In addition, potential solutions to these important issues are also proposed.

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Nanoforest: Polyaniline Nanotubes Modified with Carbon Nano-Onions as a Nanocomposite Material for Easy-to-Miniaturize High-Performance Solid-State Supercapacitors

Cited by 27 publications

References 73 publications

Current Research of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites and Their Application for Supercapacitors

Current Research of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites and Their Application for Supercapacitors

Conducting Polymers, Hydrogels and Their Composites: Preparation, Properties and Bioapplications

Some Important Issues of the Commercial Production of 1-D Nano-PANI

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