Nanomaterial-Based Therapy for Wound Healing

Abstract

Poor wound healing affects millions of people globally, resulting in increased mortality rates and associated expenses. The three major complications associated with wounds are: (i) the lack of an appropriate environment to enable the cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis; (ii) the microbial infection; (iii) unstable and protracted inflammation. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic methods have not solved these primary problems completely, and, thus, they have an inadequate medical accomplishment. Over the years, the integration of the remarkable properties of nanomaterials into wound healing has produced significant results. Nanomaterials can stimulate numerous cellular and molecular processes that aid in the wound microenvironment via antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effects, possibly changing the milieu from nonhealing to healing. The present article highlights the mechanism and pathophysiology of wound healing. Further, it discusses the current findings concerning the prospects and challenges of nanomaterial usage in the management of chronic wounds.

The Role of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) in Wound Healing: A Review

“…Second intention healing occurs through the formation of granulation tissue which is then followed by the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM), much of which is due to fibroblasts [ 9 ]. These second intention wounds close through wound contraction by way of myofibroblasts and re-epithelialization from the wound margins [ 12 , 13 ]. Second intention (full thickness) wounds healing time is often delayed due to infection or disease states such as diabetes, which alter the normal physiological processes [ 9 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Logic-Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Nanoplatform with Infection and Inflammation Monitoring and Microenvironmental Regulation Accelerating Wound Repair

“…The complexity of the microenvironment in the wound healing process proposes demanding requirements for therapeutic treatment. Nowadays, great attention has been paid to biomaterials adaptive to the physiological healing process. ,, However, these approaches are either with limited therapeutic effects focusing on an individual stage or unable to automatically adapt to the complex circumstances of the microenvironment in the wound. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a logic-based platform with diagnostic and therapeutic effects.…”

Programmable biological state-switching photoelectric nanosheets for the treatment of infected wounds

“…However, they generally focus on promoting either tissue regeneration or antibacterial activity individually, but usually not both. Indeed, it is difficult for the current set of tissue repair materials to integrate both tissue regenerative and antibacterial performance simultaneously, since they are two different biological processes [ [9] , [10] , [11] ]. Hence, an intelligent agent that could switch between bioactive ability and antibacterial ability according to the bacterial infection condition would greatly facilitate recurrent bacterial infection treatment.…”