Nanomotors Sense Local Physicochemical Heterogeneities in Tumor Microenvironments**

Dasgupta, Debayan; Pally, Dharma; Saini, Deepak Kumar; Bhat, Ramray; Ghosh, Ambarish

doi:10.1002/anie.202008681

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The experimental platform of the magnetic nanobots used in the present studies was based on helical nanostructures driven by rotating magnetic fields through intrinsic rotation-translation coupling of the chiral structure. The experimental system has been described in detail before [28], [29] and in the supplementary information (see Section S1), and shown to be highly promising for various sensing [30]- [33], therapeutic [34]- [36] and cargo towing applications [37], [38] in microfluidic, as well as ex vivo and in vivo biological environments. We use a fabrication method based on shadow evaporation to form helical nanostructures (yielding few billion nanobots per evaporation) that allows us to impart multiple functionalities, such as chemical [35], [36], [39], magnetic [24], [40], plasmonic [37], [38], hyperthermia [34] capabilities within a single nanohelix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantation and Retrieval of Magnetic Nanobots for Treatment of Endodontic Re-Infection in Human Dentine

Dasgupta

Peddi²,

Saini³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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<div> <div> <div> <p>More than 10% of root canal treatments undergo failure worldwide due to remnant bacteria deep in the dentinal tubules located within the dentine tissue of human teeth. Owing to the complex and narrow geometry of the tubules, current techniques relying on passive diffusion of anti-bacterial agents are inadequate. Here, we present a new treatment method using actively maneuvered nanobots, which can be incorporated during standard root canal procedure. Our technique will enable dentists to execute procedures inside the dentine not yet possible by current state of the art. We demonstrate that magnetically driven nanobots can reach the depths of the tubules up to hundred times faster than current clinical practices. Subtle modifications of the magnetic drive allowed deep implantation of the nanobots isotopically distributed throughout the dentine, along with spatially controlled retrieval from selected areas. Finally, we demonstrate the integration of bactericidal therapeutic modality with the nanobots, thereby validating the tremendous potential of nanobots in dentistry, and nanomedicine in general. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implantation and Retrieval of Magnetic Nanobots for Treatment of Endodontic Re-Infection in Human Dentine

Dasgupta

Peddi²,

Saini³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…[ 15 ] We note that magnetic motors have been shown to move through the viscous vitreous humor of the eye and in vitro through Matrigel matrices. [ 54,55 ]…”

Section: Movement Through Body Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically Propelled Nano and Micromotors in the Body: Quo Vadis?

Somasundar

Sen

2021

Small

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The active delivery of drugs to disease sites in response to specific biomarkers is a holy grail in theranostics. If successful, it would greatly diminish the therapeutic dosage and reduce collateral cytotoxicity. In this context, the development of nano and micromotors that are able to harvest local energy to move directionally is an important breakthrough. However, serious hurdles remain before such active systems can be employed in vivo in therapeutic applications. Such motors and their energy sources must be safe and biocompatible, they should be able to move through complex body fluids, and have the ability to reach specific cellular targets. Given the complexity in the design and deployment of nano and micromotors, it is also critically important to show that they are significantly superior to inactive “smart” nanoparticles in theranostics. Furthermore, receiving regulatory approval requires the ability to scale‐up the production of nano and micromotors with uniformity in structure, function, and activity. In this essay, the limitations of the current nano and micromotors and the issues that need to be resolved before such motors are likely to find theranostic applications are discussed.

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“…Lastly, a magnetic technique was developed to selectively identify ECM remodeled by cancerous cells in an in vitro tumor-like coculture environment [126]. Magnetic helical nanorobots were fabricated such that contactless forward or backward movement could be achieved when the devices were subjected to a rotating magnetic field.…”

Section: Extracellular Matrix (Ecm) Patterning and Detection Of Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Magnetic Techniques for Investigating Cancer Progression

Libring

Enríquez

Lee

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Worldwide, there are currently around 18.1 million new cancer cases and 9.6 million cancer deaths yearly. Although cancer diagnosis and treatment has improved greatly in the past several decades, a complete understanding of the complex interactions between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment during primary tumor growth and metastatic expansion is still lacking. Several aspects of the metastatic cascade require in vitro investigation. This is because in vitro work allows for a reduced number of variables and an ability to gather real-time data of cell responses to precise stimuli, decoupling the complex environment surrounding in vivo experimentation. Breakthroughs in our understanding of cancer biology and mechanics through in vitro assays can lead to better-designed ex vivo precision medicine platforms and clinical therapeutics. Multiple techniques have been developed to imitate cancer cells in their primary or metastatic environments, such as spheroids in suspension, microfluidic systems, 3D bioprinting, and hydrogel embedding. Recently, magnetic-based in vitro platforms have been developed to improve the reproducibility of the cell geometries created, precisely move magnetized cell aggregates or fabricated scaffolding, and incorporate static or dynamic loading into the cell or its culture environment. Here, we will review the latest magnetic techniques utilized in these in vitro environments to improve our understanding of cancer cell interactions throughout the various stages of the metastatic cascade.

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Nanomotors Sense Local Physicochemical Heterogeneities in Tumor Microenvironments**

Cited by 43 publications

References 68 publications

Implantation and Retrieval of Magnetic Nanobots for Treatment of Endodontic Re-Infection in Human Dentine

Implantation and Retrieval of Magnetic Nanobots for Treatment of Endodontic Re-Infection in Human Dentine

Chemically Propelled Nano and Micromotors in the Body: Quo Vadis?

In Vitro Magnetic Techniques for Investigating Cancer Progression

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