Nanoporous carbon materials with enhanced supercapacitance performance and non-aromatic chemical sensing with C₁/C₂ alcohol discrimination

Abstract

We have investigated the textural properties, electrochemical supercapacitances and vapor sensing performances of bamboo-derived nanoporous carbon materials (NCM). Bamboo, an abundant natural biomaterial, was chemically activated with phosphoric acid at 400 °C and the effect of impregnation ratio of phosphoric acid on the textural properties and electrochemical performances was systematically investigated. Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of various oxygen-containing surface functional groups (i.e. carboxyl, carboxylate, carbonyl and phenolic groups) in NCM. The prepared NCM are amorphous in nature and contain hierarchical micropores and mesopores. Surface areas and pore volumes were found in the range 218–1431 m2 g−1 and 0.26–1.26 cm3 g−1, respectively, and could be controlled by adjusting the impregnation ratio of phosphoric acid and bamboo cane powder. NCM exhibited electrical double-layer supercapacitor behavior giving a high specific capacitance of c.256 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 together with high cyclic stability with capacitance retention of about 92.6% after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, NCM exhibited excellent vapor sensing performance with high sensitivity for non-aromatic chemicals such as acetic acid. The system would be useful to discriminate C1 and C2 alcohol (methanol and ethanol).

Wool Carpet Dye Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Materials Derived from Agro-Product

“…For instance, pore volume limits the size of molecules that can be adsorbed, and surface area determines the amount of material that The SEM image reveals that NCM_1_600 contains fine granules (average size ~70 µm) having large number of macropores on the surface (Figure 1a-c). The homogeneous distribution of mesopores that can be seen in the high-resolution SEM ( Figure 1d) and TEM image (Figure 1e) demonstrates the uniform carbonization/or activation of the bamboo cane precursor [30][31][32][33]. The HR-TEM image (Figure 1f) confirmed the amorphous structure of NCM_1_600, which is common to most activated carbons prepared from natural precursors.…”

Rice Husk-Derived High Surface Area Nanoporous Carbon Materials with Excellent Iodine and Methylene Blue Adsorption Properties

“…Therefore, attention has been paid to the production of scalable high surface area nanoporous carbon materials, particularly in a cost effective way from agricultural by-products or wastes. Wide varieties of carbonaceous precursor materials including pitch [21], pistachio shell [22], rice husks [23,24], coconut shell [25], eucalyptus wood [26], firewood [27,28], oil-palm shell [29,30], babassu [31], corncob [32], bamboo [33,34], etc. have been used to prepare activated carbons.…”

Materials Nanoarchitectonics for Mechanical Tools in Chemical and Biological Sensing

“…Selectivity for pyridine gas likely originates from the sp 2 nature of the fabricated carbon materials and the presence of Brønsted acid surface sites, such as OH and COOH groups, as confirmed by using XPS. A biomass‐derived material, namely bamboo‐derived nanoporous carbon, was also subjected to QCM‐based gas sensing . The fabricated sensing platform exhibited excellent sensitivity to acetic acid and, interestingly, could discriminate between C 1 /C 2 alcohols (methanol and ethanol).…”

“…Ab iomass-derivedm aterial, namely bamboo-derived nanoporous carbon, was also subjected to QCM-based gas sensing. [38] The fabricated sensing platform exhibited excel- lent sensitivity to acetic acid and, interestingly,c ould discriminate between C 1 /C 2 alcohols (methanol and ethanol).…”