Nanorods and Nanotubes for Solar Cells

Kislyuk, V.V.; Dimitriev, Oleg P.

doi:10.1166/jnn.2008.n16

Cited by 135 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…[9,10] In the field of batteries, for example, there are extensive efforts to employ free-standing nanowire arrays as electrodes to improve the performance of future generations of Li-ion batteries. It is assumed that 3D-structured electrodes, such as nano-rod arrays, nano-tubes, macroporous films, sponge-like structures or 3D network architectures, ensure large energy density, short Li-ion transport paths and high discharge rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐Standing Aluminium Nanowire Architectures Made in an Ionic Liquid

Abedin

Endres

2011

ChemPhysChem

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We report on the electrochemical synthesis of free-standing aluminium nanowire architectures through a template-assisted electrodeposition technique. For this purpose, nuclear track-etched polycarbonate membranes were employed as templates. One side of the template was sputtered with a thin gold film to serve as a working electrode. Subsequently the nanowires were made in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIm]Cl)/AlCl(3) (40/60 mol %) under potentiostatic conditions. Two different electrodeposition procedures were employed to fabricate strongly adherent Al nanowire structures on an electrodeposited Al layer. In the first procedure, electrodeposition simultaneously occurs along the pores of the template and on the Au-sputtered side of the template. In the second procedure, electrodeposition takes place in two different steps: first a thick supporting film of Al is deposited on the sputtered side of the membrane and second Al nanowires are grown within the pores. After chemical dissolution of the membrane in dichloromethane, an aluminium foil of a controlled thickness with a three-dimensional nanowire structure on one side was obtained. Different nanowire architectures, such as free-standing nanowires, vertically aligned tree-shaped arrays, and bunched nanowire films, were obtained. Such nanowire architectures are of particular interest for applications in Li-ion micro-batteries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐Standing Aluminium Nanowire Architectures Made in an Ionic Liquid

Abedin

Endres

2011

ChemPhysChem

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“…Fabrication of the nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotube arrays has been a primary subject of investigation lately because of the wide range of TiO 2 applications in the fields of solar cells (13)(14)(15)(16), photocatalysis (17)(18)(19), photoelectrolysis (20), sensors (21,22), and biomaterials (23)(24)(25). The presence of a vertically aligned TiO 2 nanotube surface on Ti foils had a critical effect that improved the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts (24) and enhanced the mobility, vasodilation, and monolayer formation of endothelial cells (25) because of the unique nanotopographical features and high biocompatibility of the TiO 2 nanotube surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stem cell fate dictated solely by altered nanotube dimension

Oh¹,

Brammer²,

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,103

914

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Two important goals in stem cell research are to control the cell proliferation without differentiation and to direct the differentiation into a specific cell lineage when desired. Here, we demonstrate such paths by controlling only the nanotopography of culture substrates. Altering the dimensions of nanotubular-shaped titanium oxide surface structures independently allowed either augmented human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion or a specific differentiation of hMSCs into osteoblasts by using only the geometric cues, absent of osteogenic inducing media. hMSC behavior in response to defined nanotube sizes revealed a very dramatic change in hMSC behavior in a relatively narrow range of nanotube dimensions. Small (Ϸ30-nm diameter) nanotubes promoted adhesion without noticeable differentiation, whereas larger (Ϸ70-to 100-nm diameter) nanotubes elicited a dramatic stem cell elongation (Ϸ10-fold increased), which induced cytoskeletal stress and selective differentiation into osteoblast-like cells, offering a promising nanotechnology-based route for unique orthopedics-related hMSC treatments.differentiation ͉ mesenchymal ͉ nanotopography ͉ osteogenesis ͉ proliferation N anostructures are of particular interest because they have the advantageous feature of a high surface-to-volume ratio, and they elicit a higher degree of biological plasticity compared with conventional micro-or macrostructures. In the field of biomaterial development and in vivo implant technology, the nanoscale structure and morphologenic factor of the surface have played a critical role in accelerating the rate of cell proliferation and enhancing tissue acceptance with a reduced immune response (1, 2). In terms of in vitro cell biology, there has also been much attention placed on cellular responses to their structural surroundings (3). In fact, it has been observed that macro-, micro-and nano-sized topographical factors stimulate behavioral changes in both cells and tissues. Recent studies related to the effect of nanotopography on cellular behavior indicated that osteoblast adhesion and functionality was enhanced by 30% when cultured on a nanograined Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 substrate (4-6) compared with those cultured on a micrograined surface, and nanostructures such as TiO 2 nanotubes with Ͻ100-nm spacing showed superior characteristics in bone mineral synthesis (5). However, most of the previous studies on nanostructures and cell responses have mainly used oriented, patterned, or semiordered polymer arrays (7-9) and alumina/ polymer hybrid patterned arrays (10).The material and mechanical characteristics of titanium (Ti) metal, which has a thin native oxide layer of TiO 2 , make it an ideal orthopedic material that bonds directly to the adjacent bone surface (11,12). Fabrication of the nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotube arrays has been a primary subject of investigation lately because of the wide range of TiO 2 applications in the fields of solar cells (13-16), photocatalysis (17-19), photoelectrolysis (20), sensors (21,22), and b...

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“…Fabrication of nanostructured TiO 2 arrays is a current subject of investigation because of the wide range of TiO 2 applications in solar cells, [11][12][13][14] photocatalysis, 15-17 photoelectrolysis, 18 sensors, 19,20 and biomaterials.…”

Section: 10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Validation Methods to Test the Biocompatibility of Titanium Dioxide

Kim¹,

Lim²,

Lee³

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Most of biomaterials come in direct contact with the body, making standardized methods of evaluation and validation of biocompatibility an important aspect to biomaterial development. However, biomaterial validation guidelines have not been fully established, until now. This study was to compare the in vitro behavior of osteoblasts cultured on nanomaterial TiO2 surfaces to osteoblast behavior on culture plates. Comparisons were also made to cells grown in conditioned media (CM) that creates an environment similar to the in vivo environment. Comparisons were made between the different growth conditions for osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and functionality. We found that the in vivo-like system of growing cells in concentrated CM provided a good validation method for biomaterial development and in vivo implant therapy. The TiO2 materials were biocompatible, showing similar behavior to that observed in vivo. This study provided valuable information that would aid in the creation of guidelines into standardization and evaluation of biocompatibility in TiO2 biomaterials.

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Nanorods and Nanotubes for Solar Cells

Cited by 135 publications

References 0 publications

Free‐Standing Aluminium Nanowire Architectures Made in an Ionic Liquid

Free‐Standing Aluminium Nanowire Architectures Made in an Ionic Liquid

Stem cell fate dictated solely by altered nanotube dimension

Establishment of Validation Methods to Test the Biocompatibility of Titanium Dioxide

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