Nanoscale Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Sb₂S₃ Nanowire Arrays

Abstract

We report the first observation of piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in individual Sb(2)S(3) nanowires embedded in anodic alumina templates. Switching spectroscopy-piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) measurements demonstrate that individual, c-axis-oriented Sb(2)S(3) nanowires exhibit ferroelectric as well as piezoelectric switching behavior. Sb(2)S(3) nanowires with nominal diameters of 200 and 100 nm showed d(33(eff)) values around 2 pm V(-1), while the piezo coefficient obtained for 50 nm diameter nanowires was relatively low at around 0.8 pm V(-1). A spontaneous polarization (P(s)) of approximately 1.8 μC cm(-2) was observed in the 200 and 100 nm Sb(2)S(3) nanowires, which is a 100% enhancement when compared to bulk Sb(2)S(3) and is probably due to the defect-free, single-crystalline nature of the nanowires synthesized. The 180° ferroelectric monodomains observed in Sb(2)S(3) nanowires were due to uniform polarization alignment along the polar c-axis.

Magnetic Field‐Induced Ferroelectric Switching in Multiferroic Aurivillius Phase Thin Films at Room Temperature

“…Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) 68,73,82,83,84 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 F o r P e e r R e v i e w 26 frequency vertical PFM images, which given the low piezoresponses, topography cross-talk is likely also to be contributing to the images obtained. Since the films are comprised of some a-axis oriented grains as well as c-axis oriented grains ( Fig.…”

AC Conductivity and Dielectric Relaxation Behavior of Sb2S3 Bulk Material

“…However, it was found that Sb 2 S 3 nanowires have ferroelectric and piezoelectric switching behavior. 39 Furthermore, diminishing dimensions in ferroelectric/piezoelectric material such as Sb 2 S 3 reveal pronounced size dependent effects. 40 Therefore, these properties for bulk Sb 2 S 3 do not appear.…”

Solvothermal synthesis of graphene-Sb2S3 composite and the degradation activity under visible light

“…As a result, various Sb 2 S 3 materials with low dimentional [7,8] and flower-like [9,10] morphologies were prepared and extensively investigated for different purposes. Because of the outstanding absorption coefficient (a = 10 5 cm À1 ) in visible light region and relatively narrow band gap (about 1.7 eV), the applications of Sb 2 S 3 in sensitizer of photovoltaic cells [11,12] and photocatalysts [13][14][15] are of special interests.…”