Nanoscale Growth and Patterning of Inorganic Oxides Using DNA Nanostructure Templates

Surwade, Sumedh P.; Zhou, Feng; Wei, Bryan; Sun, Wei; Powell, A. Blair; O’Donnell, Christina; Yin, Peng; Liu, Haitao

doi:10.1021/ja401785h

Cited by 98 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…35,36 Our group has used this DNA nanostructure as the template for a number of bottom-up nanofabrication work, including etching and masking of SiO 2 28 and templated chemical vapor deposition of inorganic oxides. 29 For this study, the DNA nanostructures were deposited onto a silicon wafer with ∼1 nm thick layer of SiO 2 . Previous study suggested that the interaction between DNA and SiO 2 is mediated by Mg 2+ ions.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixed DNA solution was annealed and filtered following our previously published procedure. 28,29 Deposition of DNA Origami Nanostructures onto Si Wafer. A Si wafer with a native oxide layer was cleaned by immersing it in a hot piranha solution (3/7 (v/v) hydrogen peroxide/sulfuric acid solution) for a minimum of 20 min.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Recently we demonstrated the use of DNA nanostructures as a mask for the etching of SiO 2 and chemical vapor deposition of inorganic oxides; in both cases, both positive tone and negative tone pattern transfers were obtained through a careful control of the reaction conditions. 28,29 Although significant progress has been made, using DNA nanostructures in the bottom-up fabrication still faces significant challenges. In particular, many bottom-up fabrications involve very harsh processing conditions such as high temperatures and corrosive chemicals.…”

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Stability of DNA Origami Nanostructure under Diverse Chemical Environments

et al. 2014

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We report the effect of chemical and physical treatments on the structural stability of DNA origami nanostructures. Our result shows that DNA nanostructure maintains its shape under harsh processing conditions, including thermal annealing up to 200°C for 10 min, immersing in a wide range of organic solvents for up to 24 h, brief exposure to alkaline aqueous solutions, and 5 min exposure to UV/ O 3 . Our result suggests that the application window of DNA nanostructure is significantly wider than previously believed. ■ INTRODUCTIONThe past decade has witnessed an explosive growth in the design and synthesis of DNA nanostructures. Through careful design of sequences, almost any desired 2D and 3D shapes can be constructed with nanometer scale precision and accuracy. Examples of such structures include individual 2D and 3D objects, 1−6 1D nanowires and nanotubes, 7,8 2D lattices, 9 and 3D crystals. 10 Many of the applications of DNA nanostructures take advantage of their precise and highly configurable geometries. DNA nanostructures have been used as templates to pattern and direct the assembly of various biomolecular, organic, and inorganic materials, including metal nanoparticles, 8,11−19 proteins, 11,12,20,21 carbon nanotubes, 22,23 and quantum dots. 24 In addition, efforts have also been made to use DNA as a template to directly or indirectly pattern graphene and inorganic oxide substrates. 25−29 For example, Becerril et al. used aligned DNA molecule as a shadow mask for angled metal vapor deposition. 25 A spatial resolution in the sub-10 nm range was demonstrated. Deng et al. reported the metal evaporation onto DNA nanostructures deposited on a mica substrate followed by lift-off to create metal replicas of DNA. 26 Recently we demonstrated the use of DNA nanostructures as a mask for the etching of SiO 2 and chemical vapor deposition of inorganic oxides; in both cases, both positive tone and negative tone pattern transfers were obtained through a careful control of the reaction conditions. 28,29 Although significant progress has been made, using DNA nanostructures in the bottom-up fabrication still faces significant challenges. In particular, many bottom-up fabrications involve very harsh processing conditions such as high temperatures and corrosive chemicals. However, DNA is a soft, chemically labile material that has limited thermal and chemical stability. In fact, even widely used solution phase processes could pose a significant risk, since deposited DNA nanostructures could be easily lifted-off from the substrate. 13,17 Because of this reason, the success of a DNA-mediated bottom-up fabrication is often limited and constrained by the stability of DNA nanostructures themselves. Therefore, understanding their structural stability under various chemical and physical environments is critical to the advance of this field of research.In aqueous solution, the kinetics and thermodynamics of DNA hybridization are well understood. Several groups have recently investigated the stability of DNA nanostructure in buff...

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Stability of DNA Origami Nanostructure under Diverse Chemical Environments

et al. 2014

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“…28−32 The majority of the work reported so far, however, has involved NP functionalization with DNA after the NPs are synthesized, 33−37 thereby the DNA could not influence the NP morphology. A few recent studies using DNA in NP synthesis reported encouraging findings that different DNA sequences can influence both the structure and property of the nanomaterials.…”

Section: Discovery Of Dna “Genetic Codes” To Control Nanoparticle Mormentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA as a Powerful Tool for Morphology Control, Spatial Positioning, and Dynamic Assembly of Nanoparticles

Tan

Xing

Lu³

2014

Acc. Chem. Res.

215

152

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ConspectusSeveral properties of nanomaterials, such as morphologies (e.g., shapes and surface structures) and distance dependent properties (e.g., plasmonic and quantum confinement effects), make nanomaterials uniquely qualified as potential choices for future applications from catalysis to biomedicine. To realize the full potential of these nanomaterials, it is important to demonstrate fine control of the morphology of individual nanoparticles, as well as precise spatial control of the position, orientation, and distances between multiple nanoparticles. In addition, dynamic control of nanomaterial assembly in response to multiple stimuli, with minimal or no error, and the reversibility of the assemblies are also required. In this Account, we summarize recent progress of using DNA as a powerful programmable tool to realize the above goals. First, inspired by the discovery of genetic codes in biology, we have discovered DNA sequence combinations to control different morphologies of nanoparticles during their growth process and have shown that these effects are synergistic or competitive, depending on the sequence combination. The DNA, which guides the growth of the nanomaterial, is stable and retains its biorecognition ability. Second, by taking advantage of different reactivities of phosphorothioate and phosphodiester backbone, we have placed phosphorothioate at selective positions on different DNA nanostructures including DNA tetrahedrons. Bifunctional linkers have been used to conjugate phosphorothioate on one end and bind nanoparticles or proteins on the other end. In doing so, precise control of distances between two or more nanoparticles or proteins with nanometer resolution can be achieved. Furthermore, by developing facile methods to functionalize two hemispheres of Janus nanoparticles with two different DNA sequences regioselectively, we have demonstrated directional control of nanomaterial assembly, where DNA strands with specific hybridization serve as orthogonal linkers. Third, by using functional DNA that includes DNAzyme, aptamer, and aptazyme, dynamic control of assemblies of gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, and iron oxide nanoparticles in response to one or more stimuli cooperatively have been achieved, resulting in colorimetric, fluorescent, electrochemical, and magnetic resonance signals for a wide range of targets, such as metal ions, small molecules, proteins, and intact cells. Fourth, by mimicking biology, we have employed DNAzymes as proofreading units to remove errors in nanoparticle assembly and further used DNAzyme cascade reactions to modify or repair DNA sequences involved in the assembly. Finally, by taking advantage of different affinities of biotin and desthiobiotin toward streptavidin, we have demonstrated reversible assembly of proteins on DNA origami.

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“…Besides the etching modulation, Surwade et al found that the DNA origami could also affect the growth rate of SiO 2 and TiO 2 at room temperature in a tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, as demonstrated in Figure 7b [104]. A variety of substrates, including Si wafer, mica and gold, can be used in this CVD process.…”

Section: Dna Nanolithographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallic Nanostructures Based on DNA Nanoshapes

et al. 2016

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Metallic nanostructures have inspired extensive research over several decades, particularly within the field of nanoelectronics and increasingly in plasmonics. Due to the limitations of conventional lithography methods, the development of bottom-up fabricated metallic nanostructures has become more and more in demand. The remarkable development of DNA-based nanostructures has provided many successful methods and realizations for these needs, such as chemical DNA metallization via seeding or ionization, as well as DNA-guided lithography and casting of metallic nanoparticles by DNA molds. These methods offer high resolution, versatility and throughput and could enable the fabrication of arbitrarily-shaped structures with a 10-nm feature size, thus bringing novel applications into view. In this review, we cover the evolution of DNA-based metallic nanostructures, starting from the metallized double-stranded DNA for electronics and progress to sophisticated plasmonic structures based on DNA origami objects.

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Nanoscale Growth and Patterning of Inorganic Oxides Using DNA Nanostructure Templates

Cited by 98 publications

References 44 publications

Stability of DNA Origami Nanostructure under Diverse Chemical Environments

Stability of DNA Origami Nanostructure under Diverse Chemical Environments

DNA as a Powerful Tool for Morphology Control, Spatial Positioning, and Dynamic Assembly of Nanoparticles

Metallic Nanostructures Based on DNA Nanoshapes

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