Nanoscale structure of dissolved air bubbles in water as studied by measuring the elements of the scattering matrix

Bunkin, N. F.; Suyazov, N. V.; Shkirin, A. V.; Ignatiev, P. S.; Indukaev, K. V.

doi:10.1063/1.3095476

Cited by 51 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A bubston cluster includes around 100 separate bubstons and its effective radius is 0.5 μm. The results of laser modulation interference microscopy and Mueller-matrix scatterometry show that macroscopic scatterers of light waves are present in doubly distilled water free from external solid impurities [95]. The authors interpreted the experimental data by bubston clusters composed of polydisperse air bubbles having effective radii of 70-90 nm.…”

Section: Large-scale Inhomogeneities In Aqueous Systems And/or Exclusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Possible Further Evidence for the Thixotropic Phenomenon of Water

Verdel

Bukovec

2014

Entropy

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Abstract:In this work we review the literature for possible confirmation of a phenomenon that was proposed to develop when water is left to stand for some time undisturbed in closed vessels. The phenomenon has been termed thixotropy of water due to the weak gel-like behaviour which may develop spontaneously over time where ions and contact with hydrophilic surfaces seem to play important roles. Thixotropy is a property of certain gels and liquids that under normal conditions are highly viscous, whereas during mechanical processing their viscosity diminishes. We found experiments indicating water's self-organizing properties, long-lived inhomogeneities and time-dependent changes in the spectral parameters of aqueous systems. The large-scale inhomogeneities in aqueous solutions seem to occur in a vast number of systems. Long-term spectral changes of aqueous systems were observed even though the source of radiation was switched off or removed. And water was considered to be an active excitable medium in which appropriate conditions for self-organization can be established. In short, the thixotropic phenomenon of water is further indicated by different experimental techniques and may be triggered by large-scale ordering of water in the vicinity of nucleating solutes and hydrophilic surfaces.

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Section: Large-scale Inhomogeneities In Aqueous Systems And/or Exclusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Possible Further Evidence for the Thixotropic Phenomenon of Water

Verdel

Bukovec

2014

Entropy

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“…Nanobubbles can be stabilized by a balance between surface tension and repulsive forces between surface electric 20 charges, as it has been discussed before. 2 In this Letter we demonstrate that hydrogen nanobubbles can exist in the water solution of a dietary supplement for a sufficiently long time.The dietary supplement was developed as a chemical 25 composition for producing stable negative oxidation-reduction potential in drinkable liquids. 3 Our samples were prepared by dissolving effervescent tablets containing potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium particles (~40 µm), tartaric acid, L-leucine, organic sea salt, calcium lactate and inulin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…1 Drinking hydrogen-rich water is shown to be one of safe practical methods of hydrogen therapy. However, the solubility of hydrogen in water is very 15 low, about 1.6 10 -4 g (or, 1.84 mL of gas at 1 atm) in 100 g of H 2 O at 20° C. In order to increase the amount of hydrogen in water, one can try to add more hydrogen gas in a form of small bubbles. Nanobubbles can be stabilized by a balance between surface tension and repulsive forces between surface electric 20 charges, as it has been discussed before.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen nanobubbles in a water solution of dietary supplement

Safonov

Khitrin

2013

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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Using gas chromatography, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and qualitative experiments, we demonstrate that a 5 water solution of dissolved dietary supplement, creating negative redox potential, contains invisible hydrogen nanobubbles, which remain in the solution for several hours.Hydrogen, as it was recently revealed by basic and clinical 10 research, is an important physiological regulatory factor producing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic protective effects on cells and organs. 1 Drinking hydrogen-rich water is shown to be one of safe practical methods of hydrogen therapy. However, the solubility of hydrogen in water is very 15 low, about 1.6 10 -4 g (or, 1.84 mL of gas at 1 atm) in 100 g of H 2 O at 20° C. In order to increase the amount of hydrogen in water, one can try to add more hydrogen gas in a form of small bubbles. Nanobubbles can be stabilized by a balance between surface tension and repulsive forces between surface electric 20 charges, as it has been discussed before. 2 In this Letter we demonstrate that hydrogen nanobubbles can exist in the water solution of a dietary supplement for a sufficiently long time.The dietary supplement was developed as a chemical 25 composition for producing stable negative oxidation-reduction potential in drinkable liquids. 3 Our samples were prepared by dissolving effervescent tablets containing potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium particles (~40 µm), tartaric acid, L-leucine, organic sea salt, calcium lactate and inulin. One 230 30 mg tablet, fully dissolved within 5 minutes in a 0.5 L of purified water, provides a minimum of 8.5 pH alkalinity and about -500 mV of redox potential. Reactions of magnesium particles with chemicals of the tablet and water produce hydrogen gas.In the first one -two minutes of reaction, dissolution of the 35 tablet in water occurs quite rapidly and is accompanied by a large number of bubbles. Then, the bubbling process visually stops after about 5 minutes, demonstrating a complete dissolution of the tablet in water. First, we performed a qualitative experiment, which suggests that our solution may contain invisible bubbles. Few drops of olive oil have been added to the solution. Then the glass was shaken to mix the oil with the solution. The result we observed 85 was oil emulsification, which is not observed if pure water is used. One of possible explanations is that emulsification is facilitated by a presence of interface (gas-liquid) boundaries in a bulk of our system. Pure solution remains transparent, without producing 90 noticeable light scattering. Therefore, the bubbles, if they exist, should have sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light λ=380 -780 nm.In order to have a more direct experimental proof of our 95 assumption, we have measured the hydrogen gas (H 2 ) yield from the tablets dissolved in water at room temperature. The experiment was conducted in 125 ml serum bottles. Three samples were prepared by dissolving 0, 1, or 2 tablets. The tablets were dropped and dissolved in 100 ml o...

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“…Refs. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] contain a direct experimental proof of the bubston existence in an equilibrium aqueous solution of salts, saturated by dissolved air. However, key evidence supporting this hypothesis was inferred from observations of low-threshold laser-induced breakdown in water and aqueous electrolytic solutions that were transparent to the laser beams employed [21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Statement Of the Problem Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of the nanobubble clusters of dissolved air in liquid media

et al. 2011

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A qualitative model of the nucleation of stable bubbles in water at room temperature is suggested. This model is completely based on the property of the affinity of water at the nanometer scale; it is shown that under certain conditions the extent of disorder in a liquid starts growing, which results in a spontaneous decrease of the local density of the liquid and in the formation of nanometer-sized voids. These voids can serve as nuclei for the following generation of the so-called bubstons (the abbreviation for bubbles, stabilized by ions). The model of charging the bubstons by the ions, which are capable of adsorption, and the screening by a cloud of counter-ions, which are incapable of adsorption, is analyzed. It was shown that, subject to the charge of bubston, two regimes of such screening can be realized. At low charge of bubston the screening is described in the framework of the known linearized Debye-Huckel approach, when the sign of the counterion cloud preserves its sign everywhere in the liquid surrounding the bubston, whereas at large charge this sign is changed at some distance from the bubston surface. This effect provides the mechanism of the emergence of two types of compound particles having the opposite polarity, which leads to the aggregation of such compound particles by a ballistic kinetics.

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Nanoscale structure of dissolved air bubbles in water as studied by measuring the elements of the scattering matrix

Cited by 51 publications

References 16 publications

Possible Further Evidence for the Thixotropic Phenomenon of Water

Possible Further Evidence for the Thixotropic Phenomenon of Water

Hydrogen nanobubbles in a water solution of dietary supplement

Structure of the nanobubble clusters of dissolved air in liquid media

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